Received: from malur.postgresql.org ([217.196.149.56]) by arkaria.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1w3XO0-001K9A-2C for pgsql-novice@arkaria.postgresql.org; Fri, 20 Mar 2026 10:47:24 +0000 Received: from localhost ([127.0.0.1] helo=malur.postgresql.org) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtp (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1w3XNy-005PFI-1D for pgsql-novice@arkaria.postgresql.org; Fri, 20 Mar 2026 10:47:22 +0000 Received: from makus.postgresql.org ([2001:4800:3e1:1::229]) by malur.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.96) (envelope-from ) id 1w3XNx-005PF4-3D for pgsql-novice@lists.postgresql.org; Fri, 20 Mar 2026 10:47:22 +0000 Received: from mx1.alte-leipziger.de ([91.217.145.231]) by makus.postgresql.org with esmtps (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (Exim 4.98.2) (envelope-from ) id 1w3XNv-000000009SB-2Gt3 for pgsql-novice@lists.postgresql.org; Fri, 20 Mar 2026 10:47:21 +0000 X-CSE-ConnectionGUID: 2Senxhe+TfaPoc3CE/Bkvw== X-CSE-MsgGUID: IDSB4SS+Q7OQFslzJo3c+w== From: "Subramanian,Ramachandran" To: Laurenz Albe , "pgsql-novice@lists.postgresql.org" Subject: AW: Replication Testing- How to introduce a Lag Thread-Topic: Replication Testing- How to introduce a Lag Thread-Index: Ady4MjqE+gxrXzJnQUWNOQXrsmaORwAAj72AAAhinWA= Date: Fri, 20 Mar 2026 10:47:13 +0000 Message-ID: References: In-Reply-To: Accept-Language: de-DE, en-US Content-Language: de-DE X-MS-Has-Attach: X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: x-tmase-matchedrid: QprU7jbCnXVJC9HP7gEJMB8paS/kcIoKKQNhMboqZlrHhoBEyuHcbT/b Pm7tO5sU2Cem7eUW8zx9Srr6VJLZnJlK2yjyv6tnN70wXhI0DX7DCscXmnDN7wHZIYQJDZSP8T8 +tLu5OXXblkqIY5J2Nf7QMmbjFt9AtVDpc9bC13I38vQ+IQtktSbPeshBzByDHcHlsdatqt1DfU 8yaWcavXns+KB4WKMZbgI4+H/uJ+2HYSb76u64f95x7RpGJf1aJ7Rnqmx7r5s3JYQKmI30Z7bSc 9DZ5nsJ4h0viJqnuw5UZ9ABKSaJUE/qR+K9xHrR/sUSFaCjTLxdSt9kxxIQnuQydRUvl3QT+VcX gRWAUUchS/uciF+ggarP+04pA0BmIPhxRQ8o5neAO0kpgKezRBmJMshC7hikmyiLZetSf8mZMPC nTMzfOiq2rl3dzGQ1DBbGvtcMofyUTGVAhB5EbQ== x-tm-as-user-approved-sender: No x-tm-as-user-blocked-sender: No x-tmase-result: 10--20.523600-8.000000 x-tm-snts-smtp: 191B0E6BA535140C99A75A35ADB7FCDBF65949D8D0631EC1693336D6E7DE1A042000:8 x-alsentwithgood: false Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-GBS-PROC: Nv3VBazK3mHkBCknlKS5+ddo+q7GtleU8zcYAvblUzAkKJxnVXp42TpMjlj92OoG X-GBS-PROCJOB: =?utf-8?Q?4yodlHjv5+At/R4yQPXRb//fFjY1SKjCSQKoymsuMadEHsQrTjPuhaO8dkWd?= =?utf-8?Q?KftpUYhJJ/+Y7HX5DqKQyTdZ8ikybMaD3ZbjEldnUrsE+uQpaGV9+asbGfq/?= =?utf-8?Q?jQZKj5KxTz6oKrSfdSfgWZSv/GM/6lsqK8Rui6nuiVK4vI7qPok=3D?= List-Id: List-Help: List-Subscribe: List-Post: List-Owner: List-Archive: Archived-At: Precedence: bulk SGVsbG8gDQoNCiBUaGFuayB5b3UgZm9yIHlvdXIgaW5wdXRzLiAgSSBkaWQgYSBzZXQgcmVj b3ZlcnlfdGFyZ2V0X2FjdGlvbj1wYXVzZSBvbiB0aGUgc3RhbmRieSBhbmQgc3RvcHBlZCBh bmQgcmVzdGFydGVkIGl0Li4gbm93IEkgc2VlIHRoYXQgdGhlIGRlbGF5DQoNCkJ1dCBPYnZp b3VzbHkgIG15IHVuZGVyc3RhbmRpbmcgb2YgdGhlIExhc3QgcmVwbGF5ZWQgV0FMIGF0IHRo ZSB0YXJnZXQgaXMgd3JvbmcuLiBob3cgY2FuIHRoZSBsYXN0IHJlcGxheWVkIGJlIG1vcmUg dGhhbiB0aGUgbGFzdCByZWNlaXZlZD8NCg0KDQpMRw0KDQpyYW0NCg0KDQoNCkxTTiBhdCBT b3VyY2UgZm9yICBBVUZHQUJFTi1WRVJXQUwgIGlzICAwLzQ4MDAwMTQ4DQogTFNOIFJlY2Vp dmVkIGF0IFN0YW5kLUJ5IGZvciAgQVVGR0FCRU4tVkVSV0FMICBpcyAgMC80ODAwMDAwMA0K IExTTiBSZXBsYXllZCBhdCBTdGFuZC1CeSBmb3IgIEFVRkdBQkVOLVZFUldBTCAgaXMgIDAv NDgwMDAxNDgNCiBDdXJyZW50IExhZyBiZXR3ZWVuIFNPVVJDRSBhbmQgU1RBTkQtQlkgZm9y ICBBVUZHQUJFTi1WRVJXQUwgIGlzICAzMjgNCg0KDQoNCiAgIyBHZXQgdGhlIGN1cnJlbnQo bmV3ZXN0KSAgTG9nIFNlcXVlbmNlIG51bWJlciBmcm9tIHRoZSByZW1vdGUgU09VUkNFDQog ICBTT1VSQ0VfTFNOPSQocHNxbCAtaCAkU09VUkNFX0hPU1QgLXAgJFNPVVJDRV9QT1JUIC10 ICAtYyAic2VsZWN0ICogZnJvbSBwZ19jdXJyZW50X3dhbF9sc24oKSIgfCBzZWQgLWUgJ3Mv IC8vJykNCiAgIGVjaG8gJyBMU04gYXQgU291cmNlIGZvciAnICRESVJfTkFNRSAnIGlzICcg JFNPVVJDRV9MU04NCiAgIA0KDQogICAjIEdldCB0aGUgY3VycmVudChuZXdlc3QpICBMb2cg U2VxdWVuY2UgbnVtYmVyIGZyb20gdGhlIFNUQU5ELUJZDQogICBTVEFOREJZUkNfTFNOPSQo cHNxbCAtcCAkUE9SVF9OTyAtdCAgLWMgInNlbGVjdCAgcGdfbGFzdF93YWxfcmVjZWl2ZV9s c24oKSIgfCBzZWQgLWUgJ3MvIC8vJykNCiAgIFNUQU5EQllSUF9MU049JChwc3FsIC1wICRQ T1JUX05PIC10ICAtYyAic2VsZWN0ICBwZ19sYXN0X3dhbF9yZXBsYXlfbHNuKCkiIHwgc2Vk IC1lICdzLyAvLycpDQogICBlY2hvICcgTFNOIFJlY2VpdmVkIGF0IFN0YW5kLUJ5IGZvciAn ICRESVJfTkFNRSAnIGlzICcgJFNUQU5EQllSQ19MU04NCiAgIGVjaG8gJyBMU04gUmVwbGF5 ZWQgYXQgU3RhbmQtQnkgZm9yICcgJERJUl9OQU1FICcgaXMgJyAkU1RBTkRCWVJQX0xTTg0K ICAgDQoNCiAgICMgQ2FsY3VsYXRlIHRoZSBMYWcgYmV0d2VlbiBTT1VSQ0UgYW5kIFNUQU5E LUJZDQogICBDVVJSRU5UX0xBRz0kKHBzcWwgLXAgJFBPUlRfTk8gLXQgIC1jICJzZWxlY3Qg IHBnX3dhbF9sc25fZGlmZignJFNPVVJDRV9MU04nLCckU1RBTkRCWVJQX0xTTicpIikNCiAg IGVjaG8gJyBDdXJyZW50IExhZyBiZXR3ZWVuIFNPVVJDRSBhbmQgU1RBTkQtQlkgZm9yICcg JERJUl9OQU1FICcgaXMgJyAkQ1VSUkVOVF9MQUcNCiAgIA0KDQoNCkxTTiBhdCBTb3VyY2Ug Zm9yICBBVUZHQUJFTi1WRVJXQUwgIGlzICAwLzQ4MDAwMTQ4DQogTFNOIFJlY2VpdmVkIGF0 IFN0YW5kLUJ5IGZvciAgQVVGR0FCRU4tVkVSV0FMICBpcyAgMC80ODAwMDAwMA0KIExTTiBS ZXBsYXllZCBhdCBTdGFuZC1CeSBmb3IgIEFVRkdBQkVOLVZFUldBTCAgaXMgIDAvNDgwMDAx NDgNCiBDdXJyZW50IExhZyBiZXR3ZWVuIFNPVVJDRSBhbmQgU1RBTkQtQlkgZm9yICBBVUZH QUJFTi1WRVJXQUwgIGlzICAzMjgNCg0KDQoNCg0KDQpGcmV1bmRsaWNoZSBHcsO8w59lDQoN CmkuIEEuIFJhbWFjaGFuZHJhbiBTdWJyYW1hbmlhbg0KWmVudHJhbGJlcmVpY2ggSW5mb3Jt YXRpb25zdGVjaG5vbG9naWUNCg0KQWx0ZSBMZWlwemlnZXIgTGViZW5zdmVyc2ljaGVydW5n IGEuRy4NCg0KDQpIYWxsZXNjaGUgS3JhbmtlbnZlcnNpY2hlcnVuZyBhLkcuDQoNCg0KDQoN Cg0KDQoNCkFsdGUgTGVpcHppZ2VyIExlYmVuc3ZlcnNpY2hlcnVuZyBhLkcuLCBBbHRlIExl aXB6aWdlci1QbGF0eiAxLCA2MTQ0MCBPYmVydXJzZWwNClZvcnMuIGRlcyBBdWZzaWNodHNy YXRzOiBEci4gV2FsdGVyIEJvdGVybWFubiDCtyBWb3JzdGFuZDogQ2hyaXN0b3BoIEJvaG4g KFZvcnMuKSwgRHIuIErDvHJnZW4gQmllcmJhdW0gKHN0di4gVm9ycy4pLCBGcmFuayBLZXR0 bmFrZXIsIERyLiBKb2NoZW4gS3JpZWdtZWllciwgQWxleGFuZGVyIE1heWVyLCBDaHJpc3Rp YW4gUGFwZSwgV2lsdHJ1ZCBQZWthcmVrLCBVZG8gV2lsY3Nlaw0KU2l0eiBPYmVydXJzZWwg KFRhdW51cykgwrcgUmVjaHRzZm9ybSBWVmFHIMK3IEFtdHNnZXJpY2h0IEJhZCBIb21idXJn IHYuIGQuIEguIEhSQiAxNTgzIMK3IFVTdC4tSWROci4gREUgMTE0MTA2ODE0DQoNCg0KDQoN Cg0KIA0KSGFsbGVzY2hlIEtyYW5rZW52ZXJzaWNoZXJ1bmcgYS5HLiwgIEzDtmZmZWxzdHJh w59lIDM0LTM4LCA3MDU5NyBTdHV0dGdhcnQNClZvcnMuIGRlcyBBdWZzaWNodHNyYXRzOiBE ci4gV2FsdGVyIEJvdGVybWFubiDCtyBWb3JzdGFuZDogQ2hyaXN0b3BoIEJvaG4gKFZvcnMu KSwgRHIuIErDvHJnZW4gQmllcmJhdW0gKHN0di4gVm9ycy4pLCBGcmFuayBLZXR0bmFrZXIs IERyLiBKb2NoZW4gS3JpZWdtZWllciwgQWxleGFuZGVyIE1heWVyLCBDaHJpc3RpYW4gUGFw ZSwNCldpbHRydWQgUGVrYXJlaywgVWRvIFdpbGNzZWsNClNpdHogU3R1dHRnYXJ0IMK3IFJl Y2h0c2Zvcm0gVlZhRyDCtyBBbXRzZ2VyaWNodCBTdHV0dGdhcnQgSFJCIDI2ODYgwrcgVVN0 Li1JZE5yLiBERSAxNDc4MDIyODUNCkJlaXRyw6RnZSB6dSBwcml2YXRlbiBLcmFua2VuLSB1 bmQgUGZsZWdla3JhbmtlbnZlcnNpY2hlcnVuZ2VuIHVudGVybGllZ2VuIG5pY2h0IGRlciBW ZXJzaWNoZXJ1bmdzdGV1ZXIgKMKnIDQgTnIuIDUgVmVyc1N0RykgwrcgVmVyc2ljaGVydW5n c2xlaXN0dW5nZW4gc293aWUgVW1zw6R0emUgYXVzIFZlcnNpY2hlcnVuZ3N2ZXJ0cmV0ZXIt L01ha2xlcnTDpHRpZ2tlaXRlbiBzaW5kIHVtc2F0enN0ZXVlcmZyZWkNCiANCg0KDQoNCiAN CkRpZSBQZmxpY2h0YW5nYWJlbiBkZXIgQUxIIEdydXBwZSBnZW3DpMOfIMKnIDM1YSBHbWJI RyBiencuIMKnIDgwIEFrdEcgZmluZGVuIFNpZSBoaWVyOiBodHRwczovL3d3dy5hbHRlLWxl aXB6aWdlci5kZS9pbXByZXNzdW0gDQoNCg0KDQoNCg0KX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19fX19f Xw0KDQpBTEggR3J1cHBlDQpBbHRlIExlaXB6aWdlci1QbGF0eiAxLCA2MTQ0MCBPYmVydXJz ZWwNClRlbC46ICs0OSAoNjE3MSkgNjYtNDg4Mg0KRmF4OiArNDkgKDYxNzEpIDY2LTgwMC00 ODgyDQpFLU1haWw6IHJhbWFjaGFuZHJhbi5zdWJyYW1hbmlhbkBhbHRlLWxlaXB6aWdlci5k ZQ0Kd3d3LmFsdGUtbGVpcHppZ2VyLmRlDQp3d3cuaGFsbGVzY2hlLmRlDQoNCg0KDQotLS0t LVVyc3Byw7xuZ2xpY2hlIE5hY2hyaWNodC0tLS0tDQpWb246IExhdXJlbnogQWxiZSA8bGF1 cmVuei5hbGJlQGN5YmVydGVjLmF0PiANCkdlc2VuZGV0OiBGcmVpdGFnLCAyMC4gTcOkcnog MjAyNiAwODo0MQ0KQW46IFN1YnJhbWFuaWFuLFJhbWFjaGFuZHJhbiBJVC1tZC1kYiA8cmFt YWNoYW5kcmFuLnN1YnJhbWFuaWFuQGFsdGUtbGVpcHppZ2VyLmRlPjsgcGdzcWwtbm92aWNl QGxpc3RzLnBvc3RncmVzcWwub3JnDQpCZXRyZWZmOiBSZTogUmVwbGljYXRpb24gVGVzdGlu Zy0gSG93IHRvIGludHJvZHVjZSBhIExhZw0KDQpPbiBGcmksIDIwMjYtMDMtMjAgYXQgMDY6 MzMgKzAwMDAsIFN1YnJhbWFuaWFuLFJhbWFjaGFuZHJhbiB3cm90ZToNCj4gSSBoYXZlIHNl dCB1cCBzdHJlYW1pbmcgcmVwbGljYXRpb24gaW4gYSBvdXIgdGVzdCBlbnZpcm9ubWVudCBh bmQgaXQgaXMgd29ya2luZyBPSyAuDQo+IA0KPiAxLiBJcyB0aGVyZSBhIHdheSB0byDCoGZv cmNlIGEgbGFnIGJldHdlZW4gdGhlIHNvdXJjZSBhbmQgdGhlIHN0YW5kLWJ5IGluIGFuIGVu dmlyb25tZW50IHdoZXJlIHRoZXJlIGlzIE5PIGxvYWQ/DQoNClllcywgc2V0ICJyZWNvdmVy eV9taW5fYXBwbHlfZGVsYXkiIG9uIHRoZSBzdGFuZGJ5Lg0KDQo+IDIuIER1cmluZyB0aGUg c2V0IHVwIHByb2Nlc3MgYXMgSSB3YXMgdGhyYXNoaW5nIGFyb3VuZCBmcm9tIHNlcnZlciB0 byBzZXJ2ZXIgSSByZWNlaXZlZCB0aGlzIG1lc3NhZ2UNCj4gICAgaW4gdGhlIHN0YW5kLWJ5 IGlmIEkgbWFrZSB0aGUgc3RhbmRieSBmb2xsb3cgYSBuZXcgc2VydmVyIEIgYWZ0ZXIgaXQg aGFkIGJlZW4gZm9sbG93aW5nIGEgc2VydmVyIEEuDQo+ICAgwqB3aGF0IHNlZW1zIHRvIHdv cmsgaXMsIGFkZGl0aW9uYWxseSBjbGVhcmluZyBvdXQgdGhlIGFyY2hpdmUgbG9ncyBkaXIg b2YgdGhlIHN0YW5kYnkgc2VydmVyIGFsb25nDQo+ICAgIHdpdGggdGhlIGRhdGEgZGlyLCBi ZWZvcmUgcnVubmluZyB0aGUgcGdfYmFzZWJhY2t1cCBmcm9tIHRoZSBzdGFuZGJ5LiDCoEkg YW0gZXh0cmVtZWx5IG5ldyB0bw0KPiAgICBwb3N0Z3JlcyBhbmQgwqBJIHdhbnQgdG8gbWFr ZSBzdXJlIHRoYXQgd2hhdCBJIGFtIGRvaW5nIGlzIG5vdCBhIGRhbmdlcm91cyBwcmFjdGlj ZS4NCj4gDQo+IEZBVEFMOiByZXF1ZXN0ZWQgdGltZWxpbmUgMiBpcyBub3QgYSBjaGlsZCBv ZiB0aGlzIHNlcnZlcidzIGhpc3RvcnkNCg0KWW91IGhhdmUgInJlY292ZXJ5X3RpbWVsaW5l ID0gJ2xhdGVzdCciIG9uIHRoZSBzdGFuZGJ5LCByaWdodD8NCg0KVGhlbiB0aGUgc3RhbmRi eSB0aGF0IGdpdmVzIHlvdSB0aGF0IGVycm9yIHByb2JhYmx5IGZvbGxvd2VkIHRoZSBvcmln aW5hbCBwcmltYXJ5IHRvIGEgcG9pbnQgcGFzdCB3aGVyZSB0aGUgbmV3IHByaW1hcnkgZm9y a2VkIG9mZiB0aW1lbGluZSAxLg0KDQpZb3UgbmVlZCB0byBzaHV0ZG93biB0aGUgc3RhbmRi eSB0aGF0IGdpdmVzIHlvdSB0aGUgZXJyb3IgbWVzc2FnZSBhbmQgcnVuICJwZ19yZXdpbmQi DQp0byByZXBvc2l0aW9uIGl0IHRvIGZvbGxvdyB0aGUgbmV3IHByaW1hcnkuICBQcmVyZXF1 aXNpdGU6ICJ3YWxfbG9nX2hpbnRzID0gb24iIG9yIGRhdGEgY2hlY2tzdW1zIGVuYWJsZWQu DQpPdGhlcndpc2UgeW91IG5lZWQgdG8gcmVidWlsZCB0aGUgc3RhbmRieSB3aXRoIGEgbmV3 IHBnX2Jhc2ViYWNrdXAuDQoNCllvdXJzLA0KTGF1cmVueiBBbGJlDQo=