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From: vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com>
To: Peter Smith <smithpb2250@gmail.com>
Cc: Dilip Kumar <dilipbalaut@gmail.com>
Cc: Nisha Moond <nisha.moond412@gmail.com>
Cc: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com>
Cc: shveta malik <shveta.malik@gmail.com>
Cc: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com>
Cc: Bharath Rupireddy <bharath.rupireddyforpostgres@gmail.com>
Cc: PostgreSQL Hackers <pgsql-hackers@lists.postgresql.org>
Cc: shveta malik <shvetamalik@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: Proposal: Conflict log history table for Logical Replication
Date: Mon, 18 May 2026 18:05:40 +0530
Message-ID: <CALDaNm3Jb5AQTsFJFxYZZJCaheT7qToCZkEALfW-vsMMFxjOyQ@mail.gmail.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <CAHut+PvEP5uUR13xJ3gbNKGU49=Rg32DXMGZ2wL9jTcKHyN_=Q@mail.gmail.com>
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On Wed, 13 May 2026 at 11:43, Peter Smith <smithpb2250@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Hi Dilip/Vignesh.
>
> Some review comments for v33-0001.
>
> ======
> src/backend/executor/execMain.c
>
> 11.
> +
> + /*
> + * Conflict log tables are managed by the system to record logical
> + * replication conflicts.  We allow DELETE and TRUNCATE to permit users to
> + * manually prune these logs, but manual data insertion or modification
> + * (INSERT, UPDATE, MERGE) is prohibited to maintain the integrity of the
> + * system-generated logs.
> + *
> + * Since TRUNCATE is handled as a separate utility command, we only need
> + * to explicitly permit CMD_DELETE here.
> + */
> + if (IsConflictNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(resultRel)) &&
> + operation != CMD_DELETE)
> + ereport(ERROR,
> + (errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
> + errmsg("cannot modify or insert data into conflict log table \"%s\"",
> + RelationGetRelationName(resultRel)),
> + errdetail("Conflict log tables are system-managed and only support
> cleanup via DELETE or TRUNCATE.")));
>
> It somehow feels backwards to check "operation != CMD_DELETE", with
> the obscure comment that TRUNCATE is handled elsewhere.
>
> How about just check if "(operation == CMD_INSERT || operation ==
> CMD_UPDATE || operation == CMD_MERGE)".

I felt the existing is ok here, as it is mentioned "we only need to
explicitly permit CMD_DELETE" . Are you seeing any commands other than
INSERT, UPDATE & MERGE possible here?

> ~~~
>
> 12.
> +
> + /*
> + * Conflict log tables are managed by the system to record logical
> + * replication conflicts.  We do not allow locking rows in CONFLICT
> + * relations.
> + */
> + if (IsConflictNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(rel)))
> + ereport(ERROR,
> + (errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
> + errmsg("cannot lock rows in conflict log table \"%s\"",
> + RelationGetRelationName(rel))));
>
> I was not sure what was meant by "CONFLICT relations.".
>
> Does it mean "... relations in the pg_conflict schema.". Anyway, is
> there any value to that 2nd sentence because it is much the same text
> as the errmsg.

 Yes, it means the relations in pg_conflict schema. Removed the second sentence.

> ======
> src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
>
> 13.
> +const char *const ConflictLogDestNames[] = {
> + [CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG] = "log",
> + [CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE] = "table",
> + [CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL] = "all"
> +};
> +
> +const ConflictLogColumnDef v[] = {
> + { .attname = "relid",            .atttypid = OIDOID },
> + { .attname = "schemaname",       .atttypid = TEXTOID },
> + { .attname = "relname",          .atttypid = TEXTOID },
> + { .attname = "conflict_type",    .atttypid = TEXTOID },
> + { .attname = "remote_xid",       .atttypid = XIDOID },
> + { .attname = "remote_commit_lsn",.atttypid = LSNOID },
> + { .attname = "remote_commit_ts", .atttypid = TIMESTAMPTZOID },
> + { .attname = "remote_origin",    .atttypid = TEXTOID },
> + { .attname = "replica_identity", .atttypid = JSONOID },
> + { .attname = "remote_tuple",     .atttypid = JSONOID },
> + { .attname = "local_conflicts",  .atttypid = JSONARRAYOID }
> +};
>
> 13a.
> Both these arrays could benefit with some comments.

Added comments

> ~
>
> 13b.
> In the ConflictLogSchema, would it be better to keep all those
> "remote_" columns grouped together, instead of being broken by
> "replica_identity".

Modified

> ~
>
> 13c.
> TBH, I preferred code how it used to be -- where all the CLT constants
> and structs and enums and schemas were kept together. Now they are
> split across conflict.h and conflict.c making it harder to read as
> well as introducing need for static asserts that were not needed
> before.

No change done, as this change is required. Amit has given the
explanation at [1].

Rest of the comments were addressed. The attached v35 version patch
has the changes for the same.

I have kept the review comment fixes as separate patches so that Dilip
can merge them when convenient. Due to the additional review-fix
patches, Dilip's original patches 0001, 0002, 0003, and 0004 are now
renumbered as 0001, 0003, 0005, and 0007 respectively.  The
intermediate patches contain the review comment fixes:
a) 0002 contains fixes for 0001 b) 0004 contains fixes for 0003 c)
0006 contains fixes for 0005 d) 0008 contains fixes for 0007

Also comments from [2] and [3] are addressed in this.

[1] - https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAA4eK1Ki5mBgAubBkUPcBjN%3DO1jeT3AUh7vLQBm8w%3DgQiHO5Jw%40mail...
[2] - https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAHut%2BPv%2BBK7iM3KZNcrXzPMYagrL2O4%3D46Hi3stT2XT-RmsjRQ%40ma...
[3] - https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAJpy0uARoVZkTA_PV4PB1MtUXZMyxkun1Cg5o1YOxaKsCbWxCA%40mail.gma...

Regards,
Vignesh


Attachments:

  [application/octet-stream] v35-0005-Implement-the-conflict-insertion-infrastructure-.patch (28.6K, 2-v35-0005-Implement-the-conflict-insertion-infrastructure-.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 16af9cb04d02ae499d38c85847ab1b00ab134e75 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 18 May 2026 10:51:02 +0000
Subject: [PATCH v35 5/9] Implement the conflict insertion infrastructure for
 the conflict log table

This patch introduces the core logic to populate the conflict log table whenever
a logical replication conflict is detected. It captures the remote transaction
details along with the corresponding local state at the time of the conflict.

Handling Multi-row Conflicts: A single remote tuple may conflict with multiple
local tuples (e.g., in the case of multiple_unique_conflicts). To handle this,
the infrastructure creates a single row in the conflict log table for each
remote tuple. The details of all conflicting local rows are aggregated into a
single JSON array in the local_conflicts column.

The JSON array uses the following structured format:
[ { "xid": "1001", "commit_ts": "2025-12-25 10:00:00+05:30", "origin": "node_1",
"key": {"id": 1}, "tuple": {"id": 1, "val": "old_data"} }, ... ]

Example of querying the structured conflict data:

SELECT remote_xid, relname, remote_origin, local_conflicts[1] ->> 'xid' AS local_xid,
       local_conflicts[1] ->> 'tuple' AS local_tuple
FROM pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_for_subid_16396;

 remote_xid | relname  | remote_origin | local_xid |     local_tuple
------------+----------+---------------+-----------+---------------------
        760 | test     | pg_16406      | 771       | {"a":1,"b":10}
        765 | conf_tab | pg_16406      | 775       | {"a":2,"b":2,"c":2}
---
 src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c | 554 +++++++++++++++++++--
 src/backend/replication/logical/launcher.c |   1 +
 src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c   |  31 +-
 src/include/replication/conflict.h         |   2 +
 src/include/replication/worker_internal.h  |   7 +
 src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl   |  47 +-
 6 files changed, 597 insertions(+), 45 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
index da7586185ff..ed2ebae76a4 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include "access/commit_ts.h"
 #include "access/genam.h"
+#include "access/heapam.h"
 #include "access/tableam.h"
 #include "catalog/dependency.h"
 #include "catalog/heap.h"
@@ -23,11 +24,17 @@
 #include "catalog/pg_namespace.h"
 #include "commands/subscriptioncmds.h"
 #include "executor/executor.h"
+#include "funcapi.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
 #include "replication/conflict.h"
 #include "replication/worker_internal.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
+#include "utils/array.h"
+#include "utils/builtins.h"
+#include "utils/fmgroids.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
+#include "utils/pg_lsn.h"
+#include "utils/json.h"
 
 /*
  * String representations for the supported conflict logging destinations.
@@ -78,6 +85,18 @@ static const char *const ConflictTypeNames[] = {
 	[CT_MULTIPLE_UNIQUE_CONFLICTS] = "multiple_unique_conflicts"
 };
 
+/* Schema for the elements within the 'local_conflicts' JSON array */
+static const ConflictLogColumnDef LocalConflictSchema[] =
+{
+	{ .attname = "xid",       .atttypid = XIDOID },
+	{ .attname = "commit_ts", .atttypid = TIMESTAMPTZOID },
+	{ .attname = "origin",    .atttypid = TEXTOID },
+	{ .attname = "key",       .atttypid = JSONOID },
+	{ .attname = "tuple",     .atttypid = JSONOID }
+};
+
+#define MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS lengthof(LocalConflictSchema)
+
 static int	errcode_apply_conflict(ConflictType type);
 static void errdetail_apply_conflict(EState *estate,
 									 ResultRelInfo *relinfo,
@@ -94,8 +113,27 @@ static void get_tuple_desc(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo,
 						   TupleTableSlot *remoteslot, char **remote_desc,
 						   TupleTableSlot *searchslot, char **search_desc,
 						   Oid indexoid);
+static void build_index_datums_from_slot(EState *estate, Relation localrel,
+										 TupleTableSlot *slot,
+										 Relation indexDesc, Datum *values,
+										 bool *isnull);
 static char *build_index_value_desc(EState *estate, Relation localrel,
 									TupleTableSlot *slot, Oid indexoid);
+static Datum tuple_table_slot_to_json_datum(TupleTableSlot *slot);
+static Datum tuple_table_slot_to_indextup_json(EState *estate,
+											   Relation localrel,
+											   Oid replica_index,
+											   TupleTableSlot *slot);
+static TupleDesc build_conflict_tupledesc(void);
+static Datum build_local_conflicts_json_array(EState *estate, Relation rel,
+											  ConflictType conflict_type,
+											  List *conflicttuples);
+static void prepare_conflict_log_tuple(EState *estate, Relation rel,
+									   Relation conflictlogrel,
+									   ConflictType conflict_type,
+									   TupleTableSlot *searchslot,
+									   List *conflicttuples,
+									   TupleTableSlot *remoteslot);
 
 /*
  * Builds the TupleDesc for the conflict log table.
@@ -293,30 +331,92 @@ ReportApplyConflict(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo, int elevel,
 					ConflictType type, TupleTableSlot *searchslot,
 					TupleTableSlot *remoteslot, List *conflicttuples)
 {
-	Relation	localrel = relinfo->ri_RelationDesc;
-	StringInfoData err_detail;
+	Relation		localrel = relinfo->ri_RelationDesc;
+	ConflictLogDest	dest;
+	Relation		conflictlogrel;
+	bool			log_dest_clt = false;
+	bool 			log_dest_logfile;
 
-	initStringInfo(&err_detail);
+	pgstat_report_subscription_conflict(MySubscription->oid, type);
 
-	/* Form errdetail message by combining conflicting tuples information. */
-	foreach_ptr(ConflictTupleInfo, conflicttuple, conflicttuples)
-		errdetail_apply_conflict(estate, relinfo, type, searchslot,
-								 conflicttuple->slot, remoteslot,
-								 conflicttuple->indexoid,
-								 conflicttuple->xmin,
-								 conflicttuple->origin,
-								 conflicttuple->ts,
-								 &err_detail);
+	/*
+	 * Get the conflict log destination. Also, (if there is one) return the
+	 * CLT relation already opened and ready for insertion.
+	 */
+	conflictlogrel = GetConflictLogDestAndTable(&dest);
 
-	pgstat_report_subscription_conflict(MySubscription->oid, type);
+	if (dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE || dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL)
+		log_dest_clt = true;
+	if (dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG || dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL)
+		log_dest_logfile = true;
 
-	ereport(elevel,
-			errcode_apply_conflict(type),
-			errmsg("conflict detected on relation \"%s.%s\": conflict=%s",
-				   get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(localrel)),
-				   RelationGetRelationName(localrel),
-				   ConflictTypeNames[type]),
-			errdetail_internal("%s", err_detail.data));
+	/* Insert to table if requested. */
+	if (log_dest_clt)
+	{
+		Assert(conflictlogrel != NULL);
+
+		/*
+		 * Prepare the conflict log tuple. If the error level is below ERROR,
+		 * insert it immediately. Otherwise, defer the insertion to a new
+		 * transaction after the current one aborts, ensuring the insertion of
+		 * the log tuple is not rolled back.
+		 */
+		prepare_conflict_log_tuple(estate,
+								   relinfo->ri_RelationDesc,
+								   conflictlogrel,
+								   type,
+								   searchslot,
+								   conflicttuples,
+								   remoteslot);
+		if (elevel < ERROR)
+			InsertConflictLogTuple(conflictlogrel);
+
+		if (!log_dest_logfile)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * Not logging conflict details to the server log; Report the error
+			 * msg but omit raw tuple data from server logs since it's already
+			 * captured in the conflict log table.
+			 */
+			ereport(elevel,
+					errcode_apply_conflict(type),
+					errmsg("conflict detected on relation \"%s.%s\": conflict=%s",
+						get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(localrel)),
+						RelationGetRelationName(localrel),
+						ConflictTypeNames[type]),
+					errdetail("Conflict details are logged to the conflict log table: %s",
+							  RelationGetRelationName(conflictlogrel)));
+		}
+
+		table_close(conflictlogrel, RowExclusiveLock);
+	}
+
+	/* Log into the server log if requested. */
+	if (log_dest_logfile)
+	{
+		StringInfoData	err_detail;
+
+		initStringInfo(&err_detail);
+
+		/* Form errdetail message by combining conflicting tuples information. */
+		foreach_ptr(ConflictTupleInfo, conflicttuple, conflicttuples)
+			errdetail_apply_conflict(estate, relinfo, type, searchslot,
+									conflicttuple->slot, remoteslot,
+									conflicttuple->indexoid,
+									conflicttuple->xmin,
+									conflicttuple->origin,
+									conflicttuple->ts,
+									&err_detail);
+
+		/* Standard reporting with full internal details. */
+		ereport(elevel,
+				errcode_apply_conflict(type),
+				errmsg("conflict detected on relation \"%s.%s\": conflict=%s",
+					   get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(localrel)),
+					   RelationGetRelationName(localrel),
+					   ConflictTypeNames[type]),
+				errdetail_internal("%s", err_detail.data));
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -350,6 +450,58 @@ InitConflictIndexes(ResultRelInfo *relInfo)
 	relInfo->ri_onConflictArbiterIndexes = uniqueIndexes;
 }
 
+/*
+ * GetConflictLogDestAndTable
+ *
+ * Fetches conflict logging metadata from the cached MySubscription pointer.
+ * Sets the destination enum in *log_dest and, if applicable, opens and
+ * returns the relation handle for the conflict log table.
+ */
+Relation
+GetConflictLogDestAndTable(ConflictLogDest *log_dest)
+{
+	Oid			conflictlogrelid;
+
+	/*
+	 * Convert the text log destination to the internal enum.  MySubscription
+	 * already contains the data from pg_subscription.
+	 */
+	*log_dest = GetLogDestination(MySubscription->conflictlogdest);
+
+	/* Quick exit if a conflict log table was not requested. */
+	if (*log_dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG)
+		return NULL;
+
+	conflictlogrelid = MySubscription->conflictlogrelid;
+
+	Assert(OidIsValid(conflictlogrelid));
+
+	return table_open(conflictlogrelid, RowExclusiveLock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * InsertConflictLogTuple
+ *
+ * Insert conflict log tuple into the conflict log table. It uses
+ * HEAP_INSERT_NO_LOGICAL to explicitly block logical decoding of the tuple
+ * inserted into the conflict log table.
+ */
+void
+InsertConflictLogTuple(Relation conflictlogrel)
+{
+	int			options = HEAP_INSERT_NO_LOGICAL;
+
+	/* A valid tuple must be prepared and stored in MyLogicalRepWorker. */
+	Assert(MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple != NULL);
+
+	heap_insert(conflictlogrel, MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple,
+				GetCurrentCommandId(true), options, NULL);
+
+	/* Free conflict log tuple. */
+	heap_freetuple(MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple);
+	MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple = NULL;
+}
+
 /*
  * Add SQLSTATE error code to the current conflict report.
  */
@@ -783,6 +935,40 @@ get_tuple_desc(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo, ConflictType type,
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Helper function to extract the "raw" index key Datums and their null flags
+ * from a TupleTableSlot, given an already open index descriptor.
+ * This is the reusable core logic.
+ */
+static void
+build_index_datums_from_slot(EState *estate, Relation localrel,
+							 TupleTableSlot *slot,
+							 Relation indexDesc, Datum *values,
+							 bool *isnull)
+{
+	TupleTableSlot *tableslot = slot;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the slot is a virtual slot, copy it into a heap tuple slot as
+	 * FormIndexDatum only works with heap tuple slots.
+	 */
+	if (TTS_IS_VIRTUAL(slot))
+	{
+		/* Slot is created within the EState's tuple table */
+		tableslot = table_slot_create(localrel, &estate->es_tupleTable);
+		tableslot = ExecCopySlot(tableslot, slot);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Initialize ecxt_scantuple for potential use in FormIndexDatum
+	 */
+	GetPerTupleExprContext(estate)->ecxt_scantuple = tableslot;
+
+	/* Form the index datums */
+	FormIndexDatum(BuildIndexInfo(indexDesc), tableslot, estate, values,
+				   isnull);
+}
+
 /*
  * Helper functions to construct a string describing the contents of an index
  * entry. See BuildIndexValueDescription for details.
@@ -798,41 +984,323 @@ build_index_value_desc(EState *estate, Relation localrel, TupleTableSlot *slot,
 	Relation	indexDesc;
 	Datum		values[INDEX_MAX_KEYS];
 	bool		isnull[INDEX_MAX_KEYS];
-	TupleTableSlot *tableslot = slot;
 
-	if (!tableslot)
+	if (!slot)
 		return NULL;
 
 	Assert(CheckRelationOidLockedByMe(indexoid, RowExclusiveLock, true));
 
 	indexDesc = index_open(indexoid, NoLock);
 
-	/*
-	 * If the slot is a virtual slot, copy it into a heap tuple slot as
-	 * FormIndexDatum only works with heap tuple slots.
-	 */
-	if (TTS_IS_VIRTUAL(slot))
+	build_index_datums_from_slot(estate, localrel, slot, indexDesc, values,
+								 isnull);
+
+	index_value = BuildIndexValueDescription(indexDesc, values, isnull);
+
+	index_close(indexDesc, NoLock);
+
+	return index_value;
+}
+
+/*
+ * tuple_table_slot_to_json_datum
+ *
+ * Helper function to convert a TupleTableSlot to JSON.
+ */
+static Datum
+tuple_table_slot_to_json_datum(TupleTableSlot *slot)
+{
+	HeapTuple	tuple;
+	Datum		datum;
+	Datum		json;
+
+	Assert(slot != NULL);
+
+	tuple = ExecCopySlotHeapTuple(slot);
+	datum = heap_copy_tuple_as_datum(tuple, slot->tts_tupleDescriptor);
+
+	json = DirectFunctionCall1(row_to_json, datum);
+	heap_freetuple(tuple);
+
+	return json;
+}
+
+/*
+ * tuple_table_slot_to_indextup_json
+ *
+ * Fetch replica identity key from the tuple table slot and convert into a
+ * JSON datum.
+ */
+static Datum
+tuple_table_slot_to_indextup_json(EState *estate, Relation localrel,
+								  Oid indexid, TupleTableSlot *slot)
+{
+	Relation	indexDesc;
+	Datum		values[INDEX_MAX_KEYS];
+	bool		isnull[INDEX_MAX_KEYS];
+	HeapTuple	tuple;
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
+	Datum		datum;
+
+	Assert(slot != NULL);
+
+	Assert(CheckRelationOidLockedByMe(indexid, RowExclusiveLock, true));
+
+	indexDesc = index_open(indexid, NoLock);
+
+	build_index_datums_from_slot(estate, localrel, slot, indexDesc, values,
+								 isnull);
+	tupdesc = RelationGetDescr(indexDesc);
+
+	/* Bless the tupdesc so it can be looked up by row_to_json. */
+	BlessTupleDesc(tupdesc);
+
+	/* Form the replica identity tuple. */
+	tuple = heap_form_tuple(tupdesc, values, isnull);
+	datum = heap_copy_tuple_as_datum(tuple, tupdesc);
+
+	index_close(indexDesc, NoLock);
+	heap_freetuple(tuple);
+
+	/* Convert to a JSON datum. */
+	return DirectFunctionCall1(row_to_json, datum);
+}
+
+/*
+ * build_conflict_tupledesc
+ *
+ * Build and bless a tuple descriptor for the internal conflict log table
+ * based on the predefined LocalConflictSchema.
+ */
+static TupleDesc
+build_conflict_tupledesc(void)
+{
+	TupleDesc   tupdesc;
+
+	tupdesc = CreateTemplateTupleDesc(MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS; i++)
+		TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) (i + 1),
+						   LocalConflictSchema[i].attname,
+						   LocalConflictSchema[i].atttypid,
+						   -1, 0);
+
+	TupleDescFinalize(tupdesc);
+	BlessTupleDesc(tupdesc);
+
+	return tupdesc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Builds the local conflicts JSON array column from the list of
+ * ConflictTupleInfo objects.
+ *
+ * Example output structure:
+ * [ { "xid": "1001", "commit_ts": "...", "origin": "...", "tuple": {...} }, ... ]
+ */
+static Datum
+build_local_conflicts_json_array(EState *estate, Relation rel,
+								 ConflictType conflict_type,
+								 List *conflicttuples)
+{
+	ListCell   *lc;
+	List	   *json_datums = NIL;
+	Datum	   *json_datum_array;
+	Datum		json_array_datum;
+	int			num_conflicts;
+	int			i;
+	int16		typlen;
+	bool		typbyval;
+	char		typalign;
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
+
+	/* Build local conflicts tuple descriptor. */
+	tupdesc = build_conflict_tupledesc();
+
+	/* Process local conflict tuple list and prepare an array of JSON. */
+	foreach_ptr(ConflictTupleInfo, conflicttuple, conflicttuples)
 	{
-		tableslot = table_slot_create(localrel, &estate->es_tupleTable);
-		tableslot = ExecCopySlot(tableslot, slot);
+		Datum		values[MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS] = {0};
+		bool		nulls[MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS] = {0};
+		char	   *origin_name = NULL;
+		HeapTuple	tuple;
+		Datum		json_datum;
+		int			attno;
+
+		attno = 0;
+		values[attno++] = TransactionIdGetDatum(conflicttuple->xmin);
+
+		if (conflicttuple->ts)
+			values[attno++] = TimestampTzGetDatum(conflicttuple->ts);
+		else
+			nulls[attno++] = true;
+
+		if (conflicttuple->origin != InvalidReplOriginId)
+			replorigin_by_oid(conflicttuple->origin, true, &origin_name);
+
+		/* Store empty string if origin name for the tuple is NULL. */
+		if (origin_name != NULL)
+			values[attno++] = CStringGetTextDatum(origin_name);
+		else
+			nulls[attno++] = true;
+
+		/*
+		 * Add the conflicting key values in the case of a unique constraint
+		 * violation.
+		 */
+		if (conflict_type == CT_INSERT_EXISTS ||
+			conflict_type == CT_UPDATE_EXISTS ||
+			conflict_type == CT_MULTIPLE_UNIQUE_CONFLICTS)
+		{
+			Oid	indexoid = conflicttuple->indexoid;
+
+			Assert(OidIsValid(indexoid) && conflicttuple->slot &&
+				   CheckRelationOidLockedByMe(indexoid, RowExclusiveLock,
+											  true));
+			values[attno++] =
+					tuple_table_slot_to_indextup_json(estate, rel,
+													  indexoid,
+													  conflicttuple->slot);
+		}
+		else
+			nulls[attno++] = true;
+
+		/* Convert conflicting tuple to JSON datum. */
+		if (conflicttuple->slot)
+			values[attno] = tuple_table_slot_to_json_datum(conflicttuple->slot);
+		else
+			nulls[attno] = true;
+
+		Assert(attno + 1 == MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS);
+
+		tuple = heap_form_tuple(tupdesc, values, nulls);
+
+		json_datum = heap_copy_tuple_as_datum(tuple, tupdesc);
+
+		/*
+		 * Build the higher level JSON datum in format described in function
+		 * header.
+		 */
+		json_datum = DirectFunctionCall1(row_to_json, json_datum);
+
+		/* Done with the temporary tuple. */
+		heap_freetuple(tuple);
+
+		/* Add to the array element. */
+		json_datums = lappend(json_datums, (void *) json_datum);
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Initialize ecxt_scantuple for potential use in FormIndexDatum when
-	 * index expressions are present.
-	 */
-	GetPerTupleExprContext(estate)->ecxt_scantuple = tableslot;
+	num_conflicts = list_length(json_datums);
 
-	/*
-	 * The values/nulls arrays passed to BuildIndexValueDescription should be
-	 * the results of FormIndexDatum, which are the "raw" input to the index
-	 * AM.
-	 */
-	FormIndexDatum(BuildIndexInfo(indexDesc), tableslot, estate, values, isnull);
+	json_datum_array = palloc_array(Datum, num_conflicts);
 
-	index_value = BuildIndexValueDescription(indexDesc, values, isnull);
+	i = 0;
+	foreach(lc, json_datums)
+	{
+		json_datum_array[i] = (Datum) lfirst(lc);
+		i++;
+	}
 
-	index_close(indexDesc, NoLock);
+	/* Construct the JSON array Datum. */
+	get_typlenbyvalalign(JSONOID, &typlen, &typbyval, &typalign);
+	json_array_datum = PointerGetDatum(construct_array(json_datum_array,
+													   num_conflicts,
+													   JSONOID,
+													   typlen,
+													   typbyval,
+													   typalign));
+	pfree(json_datum_array);
+
+	return json_array_datum;
+}
 
-	return index_value;
+/*
+ * prepare_conflict_log_tuple
+ *
+ * This routine prepares a tuple detailing a conflict encountered during
+ * logical replication. The prepared tuple will be stored in
+ * MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple which should be inserted into the
+ * conflict log table by calling InsertConflictLogTuple.
+ */
+static void
+prepare_conflict_log_tuple(EState *estate, Relation rel,
+						   Relation conflictlogrel,
+						   ConflictType conflict_type,
+						   TupleTableSlot *searchslot,
+						   List *conflicttuples,
+						   TupleTableSlot *remoteslot)
+{
+	Datum		values[MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM] = {0};
+	bool		nulls[MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM] = {0};
+	int			attno;
+	char	   *remote_origin = NULL;
+	MemoryContext	oldctx;
+
+	Assert(MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple == NULL);
+
+	/* Populate the values and nulls arrays. */
+	attno = 0;
+	values[attno++] = ObjectIdGetDatum(RelationGetRelid(rel));
+
+	values[attno++] =
+			CStringGetTextDatum(get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(rel)));
+
+	values[attno++] = CStringGetTextDatum(RelationGetRelationName(rel));
+
+	values[attno++] = CStringGetTextDatum(ConflictTypeNames[conflict_type]);
+
+	if (TransactionIdIsValid(remote_xid))
+		values[attno++] = TransactionIdGetDatum(remote_xid);
+	else
+		nulls[attno++] = true;
+
+	values[attno++] = LSNGetDatum(remote_final_lsn);
+
+	if (remote_commit_ts > 0)
+		values[attno++] = TimestampTzGetDatum(remote_commit_ts);
+	else
+		nulls[attno++] = true;
+
+	if (replorigin_xact_state.origin != InvalidReplOriginId)
+		replorigin_by_oid(replorigin_xact_state.origin, true, &remote_origin);
+
+	if (remote_origin != NULL)
+		values[attno++] = CStringGetTextDatum(remote_origin);
+	else
+		nulls[attno++] = true;
+
+	if (!TupIsNull(searchslot))
+	{
+		Oid		replica_index = GetRelationIdentityOrPK(rel);
+
+		/*
+		 * If the table has a valid replica identity index, build the index
+		 * JSON datum from key value. Otherwise, construct it from the complete
+		 * tuple in REPLICA IDENTITY FULL cases.
+		 */
+		if (OidIsValid(replica_index))
+			values[attno++] = tuple_table_slot_to_indextup_json(estate, rel,
+																replica_index,
+																searchslot);
+		else
+			values[attno++] = tuple_table_slot_to_json_datum(searchslot);
+	}
+	else
+		nulls[attno++] = true;
+
+	if (!TupIsNull(remoteslot))
+		values[attno++] = tuple_table_slot_to_json_datum(remoteslot);
+	else
+		nulls[attno++] = true;
+
+	values[attno] = build_local_conflicts_json_array(estate, rel,
+													 conflict_type,
+													 conflicttuples);
+
+	Assert(attno + 1 == MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM);
+
+	oldctx = MemoryContextSwitchTo(ApplyContext);
+	MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple =
+		heap_form_tuple(RelationGetDescr(conflictlogrel), values, nulls);
+	MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldctx);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/launcher.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/launcher.c
index 50051dea8c7..f3ee0e9991d 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/launcher.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/launcher.c
@@ -487,6 +487,7 @@ retry:
 	worker->oldest_nonremovable_xid = retain_dead_tuples
 		? MyReplicationSlot->data.xmin
 		: InvalidTransactionId;
+	worker->conflict_log_tuple = NULL;
 	worker->last_lsn = InvalidXLogRecPtr;
 	TIMESTAMP_NOBEGIN(worker->last_send_time);
 	TIMESTAMP_NOBEGIN(worker->last_recv_time);
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
index a3f2406ed83..469451c736a 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
@@ -487,7 +487,9 @@ static bool MySubscriptionValid = false;
 static List *on_commit_wakeup_workers_subids = NIL;
 
 bool		in_remote_transaction = false;
-static XLogRecPtr remote_final_lsn = InvalidXLogRecPtr;
+XLogRecPtr remote_final_lsn = InvalidXLogRecPtr;
+TransactionId	remote_xid = InvalidTransactionId;
+TimestampTz	remote_commit_ts = 0;
 
 /* fields valid only when processing streamed transaction */
 static bool in_streamed_transaction = false;
@@ -1236,6 +1238,8 @@ apply_handle_begin(StringInfo s)
 	set_apply_error_context_xact(begin_data.xid, begin_data.final_lsn);
 
 	remote_final_lsn = begin_data.final_lsn;
+	remote_commit_ts = begin_data.committime;
+	remote_xid = begin_data.xid;
 
 	maybe_start_skipping_changes(begin_data.final_lsn);
 
@@ -1762,6 +1766,10 @@ apply_handle_stream_start(StringInfo s)
 	/* extract XID of the top-level transaction */
 	stream_xid = logicalrep_read_stream_start(s, &first_segment);
 
+	remote_xid = stream_xid;
+	remote_final_lsn = InvalidXLogRecPtr;
+	remote_commit_ts = 0;
+
 	if (!TransactionIdIsValid(stream_xid))
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_PROTOCOL_VIOLATION),
@@ -5667,6 +5675,27 @@ start_apply(XLogRecPtr origin_startpos)
 			AbortOutOfAnyTransaction();
 			pgstat_report_subscription_error(MySubscription->oid);
 
+			/*
+			 * Insert any pending conflict log tuple under a new transaction.
+			 */
+			if (MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple != NULL)
+			{
+				Relation	conflictlogrel;
+				ConflictLogDest	dest;
+
+				StartTransactionCommand();
+				PushActiveSnapshot(GetTransactionSnapshot());
+
+				/* Open conflict log table and insert the tuple. */
+				conflictlogrel = GetConflictLogDestAndTable(&dest);
+				Assert(dest != CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG);
+				InsertConflictLogTuple(conflictlogrel);
+				table_close(conflictlogrel, RowExclusiveLock);
+
+				PopActiveSnapshot();
+				CommitTransactionCommand();
+			}
+
 			PG_RE_THROW();
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/src/include/replication/conflict.h b/src/include/replication/conflict.h
index 54bc97c183a..1cc96926ab6 100644
--- a/src/include/replication/conflict.h
+++ b/src/include/replication/conflict.h
@@ -128,4 +128,6 @@ extern void ReportApplyConflict(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo,
 								TupleTableSlot *remoteslot,
 								List *conflicttuples);
 extern void InitConflictIndexes(ResultRelInfo *relInfo);
+extern Relation GetConflictLogDestAndTable(ConflictLogDest *log_dest);
+extern void InsertConflictLogTuple(Relation conflictlogrel);
 #endif
diff --git a/src/include/replication/worker_internal.h b/src/include/replication/worker_internal.h
index 745b7d9e969..6a447da6510 100644
--- a/src/include/replication/worker_internal.h
+++ b/src/include/replication/worker_internal.h
@@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ typedef struct LogicalRepWorker
 	 */
 	TransactionId oldest_nonremovable_xid;
 
+	/* A conflict log tuple that is prepared but not yet inserted. */
+	HeapTuple	conflict_log_tuple;
+
 	/* Stats. */
 	XLogRecPtr	last_lsn;
 	TimestampTz last_send_time;
@@ -255,6 +258,10 @@ extern PGDLLIMPORT bool InitializingApplyWorker;
 
 extern PGDLLIMPORT List *table_states_not_ready;
 
+extern XLogRecPtr remote_final_lsn;
+extern TimestampTz remote_commit_ts;
+extern TransactionId	remote_xid;
+
 extern void logicalrep_worker_attach(int slot);
 extern LogicalRepWorker *logicalrep_worker_find(LogicalRepWorkerType wtype,
 												Oid subid, Oid relid,
diff --git a/src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl b/src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl
index f23fe6af2a5..05c2179b9a8 100644
--- a/src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl
+++ b/src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ $node_subscriber->safe_psql(
 	'postgres',
 	"CREATE SUBSCRIPTION sub_tab
 	 CONNECTION '$publisher_connstr application_name=$appname'
-	 PUBLICATION pub_tab;");
+	 PUBLICATION pub_tab WITH (conflict_log_destination=all)");
 
 # Wait for initial table sync to finish
 $node_subscriber->wait_for_subscription_sync($node_publisher, $appname);
@@ -84,10 +84,35 @@ $node_subscriber->wait_for_log(
 .*Key already exists in unique index \"conf_tab_c_key\", modified in transaction .*: key \(c\)=\(4\), local row \(4, 4, 4\)./,
 	$log_offset);
 
+# Verify the contents of the Conflict Log Table (CLT)
+# This section ensures that the clt contains the expected
+# type and specific key data.
+my $subid = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+	"SELECT oid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'sub_tab';");
+my $clt = "pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_$subid";
+
+# Wait for the conflict to be logged in the CLT
+my $log_check = $node_subscriber->poll_query_until(
+    'postgres',
+    "SELECT count(*) > 0 FROM $clt;"
+);
+
+my $conflict_check = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+    "SELECT count(*) >= 1 FROM $clt WHERE conflict_type = 'multiple_unique_conflicts';");
+is($conflict_check, 't', 'Verified multiple_unique_conflicts logged into conflict log table');
+
+my $json_query = "SELECT local_conflicts FROM $clt;";
+my $raw_json = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', $json_query);
+
+# Verify that '2' is present inside the JSON structure using a regex
+# This matches the key/value pattern for "a": 2
+like($raw_json, qr/\\"a\\":2/, 'Verified that key 2 exists in the local_conflicts');
+
 pass('multiple_unique_conflicts detected during insert');
 
 # Truncate table to get rid of the error
 $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "TRUNCATE conf_tab;");
+$node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', "DELETE FROM $clt");
 
 ##################################################
 # Test multiple_unique_conflicts due to UPDATE
@@ -114,6 +139,26 @@ $node_subscriber->wait_for_log(
 .*Key already exists in unique index \"conf_tab_c_key\", modified in transaction .*: key \(c\)=\(8\), local row \(8, 8, 8\)./,
 	$log_offset);
 
+# Verify the contents of the Conflict Log Table (CLT)
+# This section ensures that the CLT contains the expected
+# type and specific key data.
+
+# Wait for the conflict to be logged in the CLT
+$log_check = $node_subscriber->poll_query_until(
+    'postgres',
+    "SELECT count(*) > 0 FROM $clt;"
+);
+
+$conflict_check = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
+    "SELECT count(*) >= 1 FROM $clt WHERE conflict_type = 'multiple_unique_conflicts';");
+is($conflict_check, 't', 'Verified multiple_unique_conflicts logged into conflict log table');
+
+$raw_json = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres', $json_query);
+
+# Verify that '6' is present inside the JSON structure using a regex
+# This matches the key/value pattern for "a": 6
+like($raw_json, qr/\\"a\\":6/, 'Verified that key 6 exists in the local_conflicts');
+
 pass('multiple_unique_conflicts detected during update');
 
 # Truncate table to get rid of the error
-- 
2.53.0



  [application/octet-stream] v35-0003-transfer-ownership.patch (2.0K, 3-v35-0003-transfer-ownership.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From a3bf6ceaa2d489d5221e16b3ec6fbbdb7361b99d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dilip Kumar <dilipkumarb@google.com>
Date: Fri, 8 May 2026 15:49:04 +0530
Subject: [PATCH v35 3/9] transfer ownership

---
 src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c | 6 ++++++
 src/bin/initdb/initdb.c                 | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c b/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
index 673874c506f..8cbedb00009 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "commands/defrem.h"
 #include "commands/event_trigger.h"
 #include "commands/subscriptioncmds.h"
+#include "commands/tablecmds.h"
 #include "executor/executor.h"
 #include "foreign/foreign.h"
 #include "miscadmin.h"
@@ -2735,6 +2736,11 @@ AlterSubscriptionOwner_internal(Relation rel, HeapTuple tup, Oid newOwnerId)
 	form->subowner = newOwnerId;
 	CatalogTupleUpdate(rel, &tup->t_self, tup);
 
+	/* Update owner of the conflict log table if it exists. */
+	if (OidIsValid(form->subconflictlogrelid))
+		ATExecChangeOwner(form->subconflictlogrelid, newOwnerId, true,
+						  AccessExclusiveLock);
+
 	/* Update owner dependency reference */
 	changeDependencyOnOwner(SubscriptionRelationId,
 							form->oid,
diff --git a/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c b/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
index fa3316fcb97..cda05676a79 100644
--- a/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
+++ b/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
@@ -1839,7 +1839,7 @@ setup_privileges(FILE *cmdfd)
 				  "  AND relacl IS NULL;\n\n",
 				  escape_quotes(username));
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_catalog, public TO PUBLIC;\n\n");
-	PG_CMD_PUTS("GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_conflict TO pg_create_subscription;\n\n");
+	PG_CMD_PUTS("GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_conflict TO PUBLIC;\n\n");
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("REVOKE ALL ON pg_largeobject FROM PUBLIC;\n\n");
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("INSERT INTO pg_init_privs "
 				"  (objoid, classoid, objsubid, initprivs, privtype)"
-- 
2.53.0



  [application/octet-stream] v35-0004-Review-comment-fixes-for-transfer-ownership-patc.patch (4.4K, 4-v35-0004-Review-comment-fixes-for-transfer-ownership-patc.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 1573d1ab377d6308acd45556fb3e191d0f346999 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 18 May 2026 10:48:35 +0000
Subject: [PATCH v35 4/9] Review comment fixes for transfer ownership patch

Review comment fixes for transfer ownership patch
---
 src/bin/initdb/initdb.c                    |  5 ++++
 src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql      | 31 +++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 71 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c b/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
index cda05676a79..803ca4112d4 100644
--- a/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
+++ b/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
@@ -1839,6 +1839,11 @@ setup_privileges(FILE *cmdfd)
 				  "  AND relacl IS NULL;\n\n",
 				  escape_quotes(username));
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_catalog, public TO PUBLIC;\n\n");
+
+	/*
+	 * Allow non-superuser subscription owners to access their associated
+	 * conflict log tables in the pg_conflict schema.
+	 */
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_conflict TO PUBLIC;\n\n");
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("REVOKE ALL ON pg_largeobject FROM PUBLIC;\n\n");
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("INSERT INTO pg_init_privs "
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out b/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
index 86debcea23d..6eadfa59253 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
@@ -653,6 +653,41 @@ WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' AND a.attnum > 0
      11 | local_conflicts
 (11 rows)
 
+-- Changing the subscription owner should also update the owner
+-- of the associated conflict log table.
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 owner to regress_subscription_user2;
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(c.relowner) AS owner
+FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
+JOIN pg_catalog.pg_subscription s
+        ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
+           owner            
+----------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user2
+(1 row)
+
+-- Verify that a non-superuser subscription owner can truncate,
+-- delete from, and select from the associated conflict log table.
+SET ROLE 'regress_subscription_user2';
+SELECT format('%I.%I', n.nspname, c.relname) AS conflict_log_table
+FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
+JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n
+	ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+JOIN pg_catalog.pg_subscription s
+	ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1'
+\gset
+TRUNCATE TABLE :conflict_log_table;
+DELETE FROM :conflict_log_table;
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM :conflict_log_table;
+ count 
+-------
+     0
+(1 row)
+
+RESET ROLE;
+-- Restore the original subscription owner.
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 owner to regress_subscription_user;
 --
 -- ALTER SUBSCRIPTION - conflict_log_destination state transitions
 --
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql
index ecba5557030..1cf38c31988 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql
@@ -475,6 +475,37 @@ JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
 WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' AND a.attnum > 0
     ORDER BY a.attnum;
 
+-- Changing the subscription owner should also update the owner
+-- of the associated conflict log table.
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 owner to regress_subscription_user2;
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(c.relowner) AS owner
+FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
+JOIN pg_catalog.pg_subscription s
+        ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
+
+-- Verify that a non-superuser subscription owner can truncate,
+-- delete from, and select from the associated conflict log table.
+SET ROLE 'regress_subscription_user2';
+
+SELECT format('%I.%I', n.nspname, c.relname) AS conflict_log_table
+FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
+JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n
+	ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+JOIN pg_catalog.pg_subscription s
+	ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1'
+\gset
+
+TRUNCATE TABLE :conflict_log_table;
+DELETE FROM :conflict_log_table;
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM :conflict_log_table;
+
+RESET ROLE;
+
+-- Restore the original subscription owner.
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 owner to regress_subscription_user;
+
 --
 -- ALTER SUBSCRIPTION - conflict_log_destination state transitions
 --
-- 
2.53.0



  [application/octet-stream] v35-0002-Review-comment-fixes-for-Add-configurable-confli.patch (107.2K, 5-v35-0002-Review-comment-fixes-for-Add-configurable-confli.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From d4ff6e035185db5caf0426e97f5283c511f51400 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 18 May 2026 10:34:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH v35 2/9] Review comment fixes for "Add configurable conflict
 log table for Logical Replication"

Review comment fixes for "Add configurable conflict log table for
Logical Replication"
---
 src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c               |  61 +++---
 src/backend/catalog/catalog.c              |  10 +-
 src/backend/catalog/heap.c                 |  37 ++--
 src/backend/catalog/namespace.c            |   6 +-
 src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c       |  16 +-
 src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c    | 178 ++---------------
 src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c           |   2 +-
 src/backend/executor/execMain.c            |   3 +-
 src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c | 170 +++++++++++++++-
 src/include/catalog/catalog.h              |   2 +-
 src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h      |  16 +-
 src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h    |   2 -
 src/include/replication/conflict.h         |   9 +-
 src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out | 213 +++++++++++----------
 src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql      |  30 +--
 15 files changed, 405 insertions(+), 350 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c b/src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c
index 84ef5304e22..e583187c7a6 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c
@@ -3337,33 +3337,42 @@ pg_class_aclmask_ext(Oid table_oid, Oid roleid, AclMode mask,
 
 	classForm = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
-	/*
-	 * Deny anyone permission to update a system catalog unless
-	 * pg_authid.rolsuper is set.
-	 *
-	 * As of 7.4 we have some updatable system views; those shouldn't be
-	 * protected in this way.  Assume the view rules can take care of
-	 * themselves.  ACL_USAGE is if we ever have system sequences.
-	 *
-	 * For conflict log tables, we allow non-superusers to perform DELETE
-	 * and TRUNCATE for maintenance, while still restricting INSERT,
-	 * UPDATE, and USAGE.
-	 */
-	if ((mask & (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE)) &&
-		IsConflictClass(classForm) &&
-		!superuser_arg(roleid))
-		mask &= ~(ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_USAGE);
-	else if ((mask & (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE)) &&
-			IsSystemClass(table_oid, classForm) &&
-			classForm->relkind != RELKIND_VIEW &&
-			!superuser_arg(roleid))
-			mask &= ~(ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE);
-
-	/*
-	 * Otherwise, superusers bypass all permission-checking.
-	 */
-	if (superuser_arg(roleid))
+	if (!superuser_arg(roleid))
+	{
+		if (mask & (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE))
+		{
+			if (IsConflictLogTableClass(classForm))
+			{
+				/*
+				 * For conflict log tables, allow non-superusers to perform
+				 * DELETE and TRUNCATE for cleanup and maintenance. Also allow
+				 * INSERT and UPDATE to pass ACL checks so that later checks
+				 * can raise the dedicated "cannot modify or insert data into
+				 * conflict log table" error instead of a generic permission
+				 * denied error. Still restrict USAGE for non-superusers.
+				 */
+				mask &= ~(ACL_USAGE);
+			}
+			else if (IsSystemClass(table_oid, classForm) &&
+				classForm->relkind != RELKIND_VIEW)
+			{
+				/*
+				* Deny anyone permission to update a system catalog unless
+				* pg_authid.rolsuper is set.
+				*
+				* As of 7.4 we have some updatable system views; those
+				* shouldn't be protected in this way.  Assume the view rules
+				* can take care of themselves.  ACL_USAGE is if we ever have
+				* system sequences.
+				*/
+				mask &= ~(ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE |
+						  ACL_USAGE);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	else
 	{
+		/* Superusers bypass all permission-checking. */
 		ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 		return mask;
 	}
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/catalog.c b/src/backend/catalog/catalog.c
index 4578cd07140..a321543cc0a 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/catalog.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/catalog.c
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ IsSystemClass(Oid relid, Form_pg_class reltuple)
 	/* IsCatalogRelationOid is a bit faster, so test that first */
 	return (IsCatalogRelationOid(relid) ||
 			IsToastClass(reltuple) ||
-			IsConflictClass(reltuple));
+			IsConflictLogTableClass(reltuple));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -233,11 +233,13 @@ IsToastClass(Form_pg_class reltuple)
 }
 
 /*
- * IsConflictClass - Check if the given pg_class tuple belongs to the conflict
- *					 namespace.
+ * IsConflictLogTableClass
+ *		True iff namespace is pg_conflict.
+ *
+ *		Does not perform any catalog accesses.
  */
 bool
-IsConflictClass(Form_pg_class reltuple)
+IsConflictLogTableClass(Form_pg_class reltuple)
 {
 	Oid			relnamespace = reltuple->relnamespace;
 
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
index 0daf98a4405..6c80c9bece9 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
@@ -305,24 +305,35 @@ heap_create(const char *relname,
 	Assert(OidIsValid(relid));
 
 	/*
-	 * Don't allow creating relations in pg_catalog directly, even though it
-	 * is allowed to move user defined relations there. Semantics with search
-	 * paths including pg_catalog are too confusing for now.
+	 * Don't allow creating relations in pg_catalog/pg_conflict directly, even
+	 * though it is allowed to move user defined relations there. Semantics
+	 * with search paths including pg_catalog are too confusing for now.
 	 *
 	 * But allow creating indexes on relations in pg_catalog even if
 	 * allow_system_table_mods = off, upper layers already guarantee it's on a
 	 * user defined relation, not a system one.
 	 */
-	if (!allow_system_table_mods &&
-		((IsCatalogNamespace(relnamespace) && relkind != RELKIND_INDEX) ||
-		 IsToastNamespace(relnamespace) ||
-		 IsConflictNamespace(relnamespace)) &&
-		IsNormalProcessingMode())
-		ereport(ERROR,
-				(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
-				 errmsg("permission denied to create \"%s.%s\"",
-						get_namespace_name(relnamespace), relname),
-				 errdetail("System catalog modifications are currently disallowed.")));
+	if (!allow_system_table_mods && IsNormalProcessingMode())
+	{
+		if ((IsCatalogNamespace(relnamespace) && relkind != RELKIND_INDEX) ||
+			IsToastNamespace(relnamespace))
+		{
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
+					 errmsg("permission denied to create \"%s.%s\"",
+							get_namespace_name(relnamespace), relname),
+					 errdetail("System catalog modifications are currently disallowed.")));
+		}
+
+		if (IsConflictNamespace(relnamespace))
+		{
+			ereport(ERROR,
+					(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
+					 errmsg("permission denied to create \"%s.%s\"",
+					 get_namespace_name(relnamespace), relname),
+					 errdetail("Conflict schema modifications are currently disallowed.")));
+		}
+	}
 
 	*relfrozenxid = InvalidTransactionId;
 	*relminmxid = InvalidMultiXactId;
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c b/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c
index c35fcf57fd4..b327c6d86fe 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c
@@ -3524,7 +3524,7 @@ LookupCreationNamespace(const char *nspname)
  * Common checks on switching namespaces.
  *
  * We complain if either the old or new namespaces is a temporary schema,
- * temporary toast schema, the TOAST schema, or the CONFLICT schema.
+ * temporary toast schema, the TOAST schema, or the pg_conflict schema.
  */
 void
 CheckSetNamespace(Oid oldNspOid, Oid nspOid)
@@ -3541,11 +3541,11 @@ CheckSetNamespace(Oid oldNspOid, Oid nspOid)
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
 				 errmsg("cannot move objects into or out of TOAST schema")));
 
-	/* similarly for CONFLICT schema */
+	/* similarly for pg_conflict schema */
 	if (nspOid == PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE || oldNspOid == PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
-				 errmsg("cannot move objects into or out of CONFLICT schema")));
+				 errmsg("cannot move objects into or out of pg_conflict schema")));
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c
index c680356a10b..93791210e35 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c
@@ -92,6 +92,13 @@ check_publication_add_relation(PublicationRelInfo *pri)
 				 errmsg(errormsg, relname),
 				 errdetail("This operation is not supported for system tables.")));
 
+	/* Can't be conflict log table */
+	if (IsConflictNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(targetrel)))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				 errmsg(errormsg, relname),
+				 errdetail("This operation is not supported for conflict log tables.")));
+
 	/* UNLOGGED and TEMP relations cannot be part of publication. */
 	if (targetrel->rd_rel->relpersistence == RELPERSISTENCE_TEMP)
 		ereport(ERROR,
@@ -103,13 +110,6 @@ check_publication_add_relation(PublicationRelInfo *pri)
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg(errormsg, relname),
 				 errdetail("This operation is not supported for unlogged tables.")));
-
-	/* Can't be conflict log table */
-	if (IsConflictNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(targetrel)))
-		ereport(ERROR,
-				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				 errmsg(errormsg, relname),
-				 errdetail("This operation is not supported for conflict log tables.")));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ is_publishable_class(Oid relid, Form_pg_class reltuple)
 			reltuple->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ||
 			reltuple->relkind == RELKIND_SEQUENCE) &&
 		!IsCatalogRelationOid(relid) &&
-		!IsConflictClass(reltuple) &&
+		!IsConflictLogTableClass(reltuple) &&
 		reltuple->relpersistence == RELPERSISTENCE_PERMANENT &&
 		relid >= FirstNormalObjectId;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c b/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
index c10f6bf73b0..673874c506f 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
@@ -145,7 +145,6 @@ static List *merge_publications(List *oldpublist, List *newpublist, bool addpub,
 static void ReportSlotConnectionError(List *rstates, Oid subid, char *slotname, char *err);
 static void CheckAlterSubOption(Subscription *sub, const char *option,
 								bool slot_needs_update, bool isTopLevel);
-static Oid create_conflict_log_table(Oid subid, char *subname, Oid subowner);
 
 /*
  * Common option parsing function for CREATE and ALTER SUBSCRIPTION commands.
@@ -838,7 +837,6 @@ CreateSubscription(ParseState *pstate, CreateSubscriptionStmt *stmt,
 	values[Anum_pg_subscription_suborigin - 1] =
 		CStringGetTextDatum(opts.origin);
 
-	/* Always set the destination, default will be 'log'. */
 	values[Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogdest - 1] =
 		CStringGetTextDatum(ConflictLogDestNames[opts.conflictlogdest]);
 
@@ -2482,18 +2480,27 @@ DropSubscription(DropSubscriptionStmt *stmt, bool isTopLevel)
 	deleteDependencyRecordsFor(SubscriptionRelationId, subid, false);
 	deleteSharedDependencyRecordsFor(SubscriptionRelationId, subid, 0);
 
-	/*
-	 * Conflict log tables are recorded as internal dependencies of the
-	 * subscription.  We must drop the dependent objects before the
-	 * subscription itself is removed.  By using
-	 * PERFORM_DELETION_SKIP_ORIGINAL, we ensure that only the conflict log
-	 * table is reaped while the subscription remains for the final deletion
-	 * step.
-	 */
-	ObjectAddressSet(object, SubscriptionRelationId, subid);
-	performDeletion(&object, DROP_CASCADE,
-					PERFORM_DELETION_INTERNAL |
-					PERFORM_DELETION_SKIP_ORIGINAL);
+	if (OidIsValid(form->subconflictlogrelid))
+	{
+		char *conflictrelname = get_rel_name(form->subconflictlogrelid);
+		/*
+		 * Conflict log tables are recorded as internal dependencies of the
+		 * subscription.  We must drop the dependent objects before the
+		 * subscription itself is removed.  By using
+		 * PERFORM_DELETION_SKIP_ORIGINAL, we ensure that only the conflict log
+		 * table is reaped while the subscription remains for the final
+		 * deletion step.
+		 */
+		ObjectAddressSet(object, SubscriptionRelationId, subid);
+		performDeletion(&object, DROP_CASCADE,
+						PERFORM_DELETION_INTERNAL |
+						PERFORM_DELETION_SKIP_ORIGINAL);
+
+		ereport(NOTICE,
+				errmsg("dropped conflict log table \"%s\" for subscription \"%s\"",
+					   get_qualified_objname(PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE, conflictrelname),
+					   subname));
+	}
 
 	/* Remove any associated relation synchronization states. */
 	RemoveSubscriptionRel(subid, InvalidOid);
@@ -3534,146 +3541,3 @@ defGetStreamingMode(DefElem *def)
 					def->defname)));
 	return LOGICALREP_STREAM_OFF;	/* keep compiler quiet */
 }
-
-/*
- * Builds the TupleDesc for the conflict log table.
- */
-static TupleDesc
-create_conflict_log_table_tupdesc(void)
-{
-	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
-
-	tupdesc = CreateTemplateTupleDesc(MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM);
-
-	for (int i = 0; i < MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM; i++)
-	{
-		Oid type_oid = ConflictLogSchema[i].atttypid;
-
-		/*
-		 * Special handling for the JSON array type for proper
-		 * TupleDescInitEntry call.
-		 */
-		if (type_oid == JSONARRAYOID)
-			type_oid = get_array_type(JSONOID);
-
-		TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, i + 1,
-						   ConflictLogSchema[i].attname,
-						   type_oid,
-						   -1, 0);
-	}
-
-	TupleDescFinalize(tupdesc);
-
-	return tupdesc;
-}
-
-/*
- * Create a structured conflict log table for a subscription.
- *
- * The table is created within the system-managed 'pg_conflict' namespace to
- * prevent users from manually dropping or altering it.  This also prevents
- * accidental name collisions with user-created tables with the same name.
- *
- * The table name is generated automatically using the subscription's OID
- * (e.g., "pg_conflict_log_<subid>") to ensure uniqueness within the cluster
- * and to avoid collisions during subscription renames.
- */
-static Oid
-create_conflict_log_table(Oid subid, char *subname, Oid subowner)
-{
-	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
-	Oid			relid;
-	ObjectAddress	myself;
-	ObjectAddress	subaddr;
-	char    	relname[NAMEDATALEN];
-
-	snprintf(relname, NAMEDATALEN, "pg_conflict_log_%u", subid);
-
-	/*
-	 * Check for an existing table with the sname name in the pg_conflict namespace.
-	 * A collision should not occur under normal operation, but we must handle cases
-	 * where a table has been created manually.
-	 */
-	if (OidIsValid(get_relname_relid(relname, PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE)))
-		ereport(ERROR,
-				(errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_TABLE),
-				 errmsg("conflict log table pg_conflict.\"%s\" already exists", relname),
-				 errhint("A table with the same name already exists. "
-						 "To proceed, drop the existing table and retry.")));
-
-	/* Build the tuple descriptor for the new table. */
-	tupdesc = create_conflict_log_table_tupdesc();
-
-	/* Create conflict log table. */
-	relid = heap_create_with_catalog(relname,
-									 PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE,
-									 0,	/* tablespace */
-									 InvalidOid, /* relid */
-									 InvalidOid, /* reltypeid */
-									 InvalidOid, /* reloftypeid */
-									 subowner,
-									 HEAP_TABLE_AM_OID,
-									 tupdesc,
-									 NIL,
-									 RELKIND_RELATION,
-									 RELPERSISTENCE_PERMANENT,
-									 false, /* shared_relation */
-									 false, /* mapped_relation */
-									 ONCOMMIT_NOOP,
-									 (Datum) 0, /* reloptions */
-									 false, /* use_user_acl */
-									 true, /* allow_system_table_mods */
-									 true, /* is_internal */
-									 InvalidOid, /* relrewrite */
-									 NULL); /* typaddress */
-
-	/*
-	 * Establish an internal dependency between the conflict log table and
-	 * the subscription.
-	 *
-	 * We use DEPENDENCY_INTERNAL to signify that the table's lifecycle is
-	 * strictly tied to the subscription, similar to how a TOAST table relates
-	 * to its main table or a sequence relates to an identity column.
-	 *
-	 * This ensures the conflict log table is automatically reaped during a
-	 * DROP SUBSCRIPTION via performDeletion().
-	 */
-	ObjectAddressSet(myself, RelationRelationId, relid);
-	ObjectAddressSet(subaddr, SubscriptionRelationId, subid);
-	recordDependencyOn(&myself, &subaddr, DEPENDENCY_INTERNAL);
-
-	/* Release tuple descriptor memory. */
-	FreeTupleDesc(tupdesc);
-
-	ereport(NOTICE,
-			(errmsg("created conflict log table \"%s\" for subscription \"%s\"",
-					get_qualified_objname(PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE, relname),
-					subname)));
-
-	return relid;
-}
-
-/*
- * GetLogDestination
- *
- * Convert string to enum by comparing against standardized labels.
- */
-ConflictLogDest
-GetLogDestination(const char *dest)
-{
-	/* Empty string or NULL defaults to LOG. */
-	if (dest == NULL || dest[0] == '\0' || pg_strcasecmp(dest, "log") == 0)
-		return CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG;
-
-	if (pg_strcasecmp(dest, "table") == 0)
-		return CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE;
-
-	if (pg_strcasecmp(dest, "all") == 0)
-		return CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL;
-
-	/* Unrecognized string. */
-	ereport(ERROR,
-			(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-			 errmsg("unrecognized conflict_log_destination value: \"%s\"", dest),
-			 errhint("Valid values are \"log\", \"table\", and \"all\".")));
-}
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
index adf6b0f01d9..ee1687e8676 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
@@ -2461,7 +2461,7 @@ truncate_check_rel(Oid relid, Form_pg_class reltuple)
 	 * to permit users to manually prune these logs to manage disk space.
 	 */
 	if (!allowSystemTableMods && IsSystemClass(relid, reltuple) &&
-		!IsConflictClass(reltuple)
+		!IsConflictLogTableClass(reltuple)
 		&& (!IsBinaryUpgrade ||
 			(relid != LargeObjectRelationId &&
 			 relid != LargeObjectMetadataRelationId)))
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/execMain.c b/src/backend/executor/execMain.c
index 345640fe41d..08c44ff9005 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/execMain.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/execMain.c
@@ -1279,8 +1279,7 @@ CheckValidRowMarkRel(Relation rel, RowMarkType markType)
 
 	/*
 	 * Conflict log tables are managed by the system to record logical
-	 * replication conflicts.  We do not allow locking rows in CONFLICT
-	 * relations.
+	 * replication conflicts.
 	 */
 	if (IsConflictNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(rel)))
 		ereport(ERROR,
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
index d038e265ca9..da7586185ff 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
@@ -17,6 +17,11 @@
 #include "access/commit_ts.h"
 #include "access/genam.h"
 #include "access/tableam.h"
+#include "catalog/dependency.h"
+#include "catalog/heap.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_am.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_namespace.h"
+#include "commands/subscriptioncmds.h"
 #include "executor/executor.h"
 #include "pgstat.h"
 #include "replication/conflict.h"
@@ -24,12 +29,26 @@
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
 
+/*
+ * String representations for the supported conflict logging destinations.
+ */
 const char *const ConflictLogDestNames[] = {
 	[CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG] = "log",
 	[CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE] = "table",
 	[CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL] = "all"
 };
 
+StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(ConflictLogDestNames) == 3,
+				 "ConflictLogDestNames length mismatch");
+
+ /*
+  * Schema definition for conflict log tables.
+  *
+  * Defines the fixed schema of the per-subscription conflict log table created
+  * in the pg_conflict namespace. Each entry specifies the column name and its
+  * type OID; the table is created in this column order by
+  * create_conflict_log_table().
+  */
 const ConflictLogColumnDef ConflictLogSchema[] = {
 	{ .attname = "relid",            .atttypid = OIDOID },
 	{ .attname = "schemaname",       .atttypid = TEXTOID },
@@ -39,15 +58,14 @@ const ConflictLogColumnDef ConflictLogSchema[] = {
 	{ .attname = "remote_commit_lsn",.atttypid = LSNOID },
 	{ .attname = "remote_commit_ts", .atttypid = TIMESTAMPTZOID },
 	{ .attname = "remote_origin",    .atttypid = TEXTOID },
-	{ .attname = "replica_identity", .atttypid = JSONOID },
 	{ .attname = "remote_tuple",     .atttypid = JSONOID },
+	{ .attname = "replica_identity", .atttypid = JSONOID },
 	{ .attname = "local_conflicts",  .atttypid = JSONARRAYOID }
 };
 
-StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(ConflictLogSchema) == MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM,
+StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(ConflictLogSchema) == NUM_CONFLICT_ATTRS,
 				 "ConflictLogSchema length mismatch");
-StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(ConflictLogDestNames) == 3,
-				 "ConflictLogDestNames length mismatch");
+
 
 static const char *const ConflictTypeNames[] = {
 	[CT_INSERT_EXISTS] = "insert_exists",
@@ -79,6 +97,150 @@ static void get_tuple_desc(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo,
 static char *build_index_value_desc(EState *estate, Relation localrel,
 									TupleTableSlot *slot, Oid indexoid);
 
+/*
+ * Builds the TupleDesc for the conflict log table.
+ */
+static TupleDesc
+create_conflict_log_table_tupdesc(void)
+{
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
+
+	tupdesc = CreateTemplateTupleDesc(NUM_CONFLICT_ATTRS);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < NUM_CONFLICT_ATTRS; i++)
+	{
+		Oid type_oid = ConflictLogSchema[i].atttypid;
+
+		/*
+		 * Special handling for the JSON array type for proper
+		 * TupleDescInitEntry call.
+		 */
+		if (type_oid == JSONARRAYOID)
+			type_oid = get_array_type(JSONOID);
+
+		TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, i + 1,
+						   ConflictLogSchema[i].attname,
+						   type_oid,
+						   -1, 0);
+	}
+
+	TupleDescFinalize(tupdesc);
+
+	return tupdesc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a structured conflict log table for a subscription.
+ *
+ * The table is created within the system-managed 'pg_conflict' namespace to
+ * prevent users from manually dropping or altering it.  This also prevents
+ * accidental name collisions with user-created tables with the same name.
+ *
+ * The table name is generated automatically using the subscription's OID
+ * (e.g., "pg_conflict_log_for_subid_<subid>") to ensure uniqueness within the
+ * cluster and to avoid collisions during subscription renames.
+ */
+Oid
+create_conflict_log_table(Oid subid, char *subname, Oid subowner)
+{
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
+	Oid			relid;
+	ObjectAddress	myself;
+	ObjectAddress	subaddr;
+	char    	relname[NAMEDATALEN];
+
+	snprintf(relname, NAMEDATALEN, "pg_conflict_log_for_subid_%u", subid);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check for an existing table with the same name in the pg_conflict namespace.
+	 * A collision should not occur under normal operation, but we must handle cases
+	 * where a table has been created manually when allow_system_tables_mods is
+	 * ON.
+	 */
+	if (OidIsValid(get_relname_relid(relname, PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE)))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_TABLE),
+				 errmsg("conflict log table pg_conflict.\"%s\" already exists", relname),
+				 errhint("To proceed, drop the existing table and retry.")));
+
+	/* Build the tuple descriptor for the new table. */
+	tupdesc = create_conflict_log_table_tupdesc();
+
+	/* Create conflict log table. */
+	relid = heap_create_with_catalog(relname,
+									 PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE,
+									 0,	/* tablespace */
+									 InvalidOid, /* relid */
+									 InvalidOid, /* reltypeid */
+									 InvalidOid, /* reloftypeid */
+									 subowner,
+									 HEAP_TABLE_AM_OID,
+									 tupdesc,
+									 NIL,
+									 RELKIND_RELATION,
+									 RELPERSISTENCE_PERMANENT,
+									 false, /* shared_relation */
+									 false, /* mapped_relation */
+									 ONCOMMIT_NOOP,
+									 (Datum) 0, /* reloptions */
+									 false, /* use_user_acl */
+									 true, /* allow_system_table_mods */
+									 true, /* is_internal */
+									 InvalidOid, /* relrewrite */
+									 NULL); /* typaddress */
+	Assert(relid != InvalidOid);
+
+	/*
+	 * Establish an internal dependency between the conflict log table and
+	 * the subscription.
+	 *
+	 * We use DEPENDENCY_INTERNAL to signify that the table's lifecycle is
+	 * strictly tied to the subscription, similar to how a TOAST table relates
+	 * to its main table or a sequence relates to an identity column.
+	 *
+	 * This ensures the conflict log table is automatically reaped during a
+	 * DROP SUBSCRIPTION via performDeletion().
+	 */
+	ObjectAddressSet(myself, RelationRelationId, relid);
+	ObjectAddressSet(subaddr, SubscriptionRelationId, subid);
+	recordDependencyOn(&myself, &subaddr, DEPENDENCY_INTERNAL);
+
+	/* Release tuple descriptor memory. */
+	FreeTupleDesc(tupdesc);
+
+	ereport(NOTICE,
+			(errmsg("created conflict log table \"%s\" for subscription \"%s\"",
+					get_qualified_objname(PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE, relname),
+					subname)));
+
+	return relid;
+}
+
+/*
+ * GetLogDestination
+ *
+ * Convert string to enum by comparing against standardized labels.
+ */
+ConflictLogDest
+GetLogDestination(const char *dest)
+{
+	/* Empty string or NULL defaults to LOG. */
+	if (dest == NULL || dest[0] == '\0' || pg_strcasecmp(dest, "log") == 0)
+		return CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG;
+
+	if (pg_strcasecmp(dest, "table") == 0)
+		return CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE;
+
+	if (pg_strcasecmp(dest, "all") == 0)
+		return CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL;
+
+	/* Unrecognized string. */
+	ereport(ERROR,
+			(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+			 errmsg("unrecognized conflict_log_destination value: \"%s\"", dest),
+			 errhint("Valid values are \"log\", \"table\", and \"all\".")));
+}
+
 /*
  * Get the xmin and commit timestamp data (origin and timestamp) associated
  * with the provided local row.
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/catalog.h b/src/include/catalog/catalog.h
index 8193229f2e2..cd05974b86c 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/catalog.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/catalog.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ extern bool IsInplaceUpdateRelation(Relation relation);
 
 extern bool IsSystemClass(Oid relid, Form_pg_class reltuple);
 extern bool IsToastClass(Form_pg_class reltuple);
-extern bool IsConflictClass(Form_pg_class reltuple);
+extern bool IsConflictLogTableClass(Form_pg_class reltuple);
 
 extern bool IsCatalogRelationOid(Oid relid);
 extern bool IsCatalogTextUniqueIndexOid(Oid relid);
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h
index 5f214d3586b..cc31b4d00bc 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h
@@ -97,6 +97,14 @@ CATALOG(pg_subscription,6100,SubscriptionRelationId) BKI_SHARED_RELATION BKI_ROW
 
 	Oid         subconflictlogrelid; /* Relid of the conflict log table. */
 #ifdef CATALOG_VARLEN			/* variable-length fields start here */
+	/*
+	 * Strategy for logging replication conflicts:
+	 * 'log' - server log only,
+	 * 'table' - conflict log table only,
+	 * 'all' - both log and table.
+	 */
+	text		subconflictlogdest BKI_FORCE_NOT_NULL;
+
 	/* Connection string to the publisher */
 	text		subconninfo;	/* Set if connecting with connection string */
 
@@ -112,14 +120,6 @@ CATALOG(pg_subscription,6100,SubscriptionRelationId) BKI_SHARED_RELATION BKI_ROW
 	/* List of publications subscribed to */
 	text		subpublications[1] BKI_FORCE_NOT_NULL;
 
-	/*
-	 * Strategy for logging replication conflicts:
-	 * 'log' - server log only,
-	 * 'table' - conflict log table only,
-	 * 'all' - both log and table.
-	 */
-	text		subconflictlogdest BKI_FORCE_NOT_NULL;
-
 	/* Only publish data originating from the specified origin */
 	text		suborigin BKI_DEFAULT(LOGICALREP_ORIGIN_ANY);
 #endif
diff --git a/src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h b/src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h
index a895127f8fe..f30ac546e97 100644
--- a/src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h
+++ b/src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h
@@ -37,6 +37,4 @@ extern void CheckSubDeadTupleRetention(bool check_guc, bool sub_disabled,
 									   bool retention_active,
 									   bool max_retention_set);
 
-extern ConflictLogDest GetLogDestination(const char *dest);
-
 #endif							/* SUBSCRIPTIONCMDS_H */
diff --git a/src/include/replication/conflict.h b/src/include/replication/conflict.h
index 00a9cbec264..54bc97c183a 100644
--- a/src/include/replication/conflict.h
+++ b/src/include/replication/conflict.h
@@ -94,6 +94,11 @@ typedef enum ConflictLogDest
 	CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL		/* Both log and table */
 } ConflictLogDest;
 
+#define CONFLICTS_LOGGED_TO_TABLE(dest) \
+	((dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE) || (dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL))
+#define CONFLICTS_LOGGED_TO_FILE(dest) \
+	((dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG) || (dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL))
+
 /*
  * Array mapping for converting internal enum to string.
  */
@@ -109,8 +114,10 @@ typedef struct ConflictLogColumnDef
 /* The single source of truth for the conflict log table schema */
 extern PGDLLIMPORT const ConflictLogColumnDef ConflictLogSchema[];
 
-#define MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM 11
+#define NUM_CONFLICT_ATTRS 11
 
+extern Oid create_conflict_log_table(Oid subid, char *subname, Oid subowner);
+extern ConflictLogDest GetLogDestination(const char *dest);
 extern bool GetTupleTransactionInfo(TupleTableSlot *localslot,
 									TransactionId *xmin,
 									ReplOriginId *localorigin,
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out b/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
index 85f9c60f449..86debcea23d 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
@@ -124,18 +124,18 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub4 CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PU
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+ regress_testsub4
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
-------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | none   | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | none   | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub4 SET (origin = any);
 \dRs+ regress_testsub4
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
-------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub3;
@@ -200,10 +200,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'foobar';
 ERROR:  invalid connection string syntax: missing "=" after "foobar" in connection info string
 
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                                  List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                          List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET PUBLICATION testpub2, testpub3 WITH (refresh = false);
@@ -212,10 +212,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = 'newname');
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (password_required = false);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (run_as_owner = true);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                                      List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | f                 | t             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                              List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | f                 | t             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (password_required = true);
@@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ ERROR:  unrecognized subscription parameter: "create_slot"
 -- ok
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SKIP (lsn = '0/12345');
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                                      List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00012345 | test subscription | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                              List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00012345 | test subscription
 (1 row)
 
 -- ok - with lsn = NONE
@@ -243,10 +243,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SKIP (lsn = NONE);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SKIP (lsn = '0/0');
 ERROR:  invalid WAL location (LSN): 0/0
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                                      List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                              List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription
 (1 row)
 
 BEGIN;
@@ -282,10 +282,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub_foo SET (wal_receiver_timeout = '80s');
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub_foo SET (wal_receiver_timeout = 'foobar');
 ERROR:  invalid value for parameter "wal_receiver_timeout": "foobar"
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                                        List of subscriptions
-        Name         |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
----------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub_foo | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | local              | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | 80s              | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                                List of subscriptions
+        Name         |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
+---------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
+ regress_testsub_foo | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | local              | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | 80s              | 0/00000000 | test subscription
 (1 row)
 
 -- rename back to keep the rest simple
@@ -314,19 +314,19 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | t      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | t      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (binary = false);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub;
@@ -338,27 +338,27 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (streaming = parallel);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (streaming = false);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 -- fail - publication already exists
@@ -373,10 +373,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub ADD PUBLICATION testpub1, testpub2 WITH (refr
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub ADD PUBLICATION testpub1, testpub2 WITH (refresh = false);
 ERROR:  publication "testpub1" is already in subscription "regress_testsub"
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |         Publication         | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-----------------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub,testpub1,testpub2} | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |         Publication         | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-----------------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub,testpub1,testpub2} | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 -- fail - publication used more than once
@@ -391,10 +391,10 @@ ERROR:  publication "testpub3" is not in subscription "regress_testsub"
 -- ok - delete publications
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub DROP PUBLICATION testpub1, testpub2 WITH (refresh = false);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub;
@@ -430,19 +430,19 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 -- we can alter streaming when two_phase enabled
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (streaming = true);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -452,10 +452,10 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -468,18 +468,18 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (disable_on_error = true);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | t                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | t                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -492,10 +492,10 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -509,19 +509,19 @@ NOTICE:  max_retention_duration is ineffective when retain_dead_tuples is disabl
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                   1000 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                   1000 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 -- ok
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (max_retention_duration = 0);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
+                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
 CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_fail CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'invalid');
 ERROR:  unrecognized conflict_log_destination value: "invalid"
 HINT:  Valid values are "log", "table", and "all".
--- verify subconflictlogdest is 'log' and relid is 0 (InvalidOid) for default case
+-- verify subconflictlogdest is 'log' and subconflictlogrelid is 0 (InvalidOid) for default case
 CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false);
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
@@ -607,11 +607,11 @@ FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_empty_str';
  regress_conflict_empty_str | log                |                   0
 (1 row)
 
--- this should generate an internal conflict log table named pg_conflict_log_$subid$
+-- this should generate an internal conflict log table named pg_conflict_log_for_subid_$subid$
 CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'table');
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
--- check metadata in pg_subscription: destination should be 'table' and relid valid
+-- check metadata in pg_subscription: destination should be 'table' and subconflictlogrelid valid
 SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid > 0 AS has_relid
 FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
         subname         | subconflictlogdest | has_relid 
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
 -- and it is located in the 'pg_conflict' namespace
 SELECT n.nspname, (c.oid = s.subconflictlogrelid) AS "oid_matches"
 FROM pg_class c
-JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
 JOIN pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
 WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
    nspname   | oid_matches 
@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
 SELECT a.attnum, a.attname
 FROM pg_attribute a
 JOIN pg_class c ON a.attrelid = c.oid
-JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
 WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' AND a.attnum > 0
     ORDER BY a.attnum;
  attnum |      attname      
@@ -648,8 +648,8 @@ WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' AND a.attnum > 0
       6 | remote_commit_lsn
       7 | remote_commit_ts
       8 | remote_origin
-      9 | replica_identity
-     10 | remote_tuple
+      9 | remote_tuple
+     10 | replica_identity
      11 | local_conflicts
 (11 rows)
 
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
 (1 row)
 
 -- transition from 'table' to 'log'
--- should drop the table and clear relid
+-- should drop the table and clear subconflictlogrelid
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'log');
 SELECT subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
 FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
@@ -698,7 +698,7 @@ FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
 -- verify the physical table is gone
 SELECT count(*)
 FROM pg_class c
-JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
 WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
  count 
 -------
@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'table
 SET client_min_messages = NOTICE;
 DO $$
 BEGIN
-    EXECUTE 'DROP TABLE ' || (SELECT 'pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_' || oid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1');
+    EXECUTE 'DROP TABLE ' || (SELECT 'pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || oid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1');
 EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
     RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege';
 END $$;
@@ -747,7 +747,8 @@ NOTICE:  captured expected error: insufficient_privilege
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 DISABLE;
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 SET (slot_name = NONE);
 -- Verify the table OID for reap check
-SELECT 'pg_conflict_log_' || oid AS internal_tablename FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' \gset
+SELECT 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || oid AS internal_tablename FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' \gset
+SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1;
 -- should return NULL, meaning the conflict log table was reaped via dependency
 SELECT to_regclass(:'internal_tablename');
@@ -759,7 +760,6 @@ SELECT to_regclass(:'internal_tablename');
 --
 -- Additional Namespace and Table Protection Tests
 --
-SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
 -- Setup: Ensure we have a subscription with a conflict log table
 CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist'
     PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'table');
@@ -774,7 +774,7 @@ DECLARE
     tab_name text;
 BEGIN
     SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
-    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
     WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
 
     RAISE NOTICE 'Attempting ALTER TABLE on internal conflict log table';
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ DECLARE
     tab_name text;
 BEGIN
     SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
-    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
     WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
 
     EXECUTE 'INSERT INTO ' || tab_name || ' (relname) VALUES (''mytest'')';
@@ -808,7 +808,7 @@ DECLARE
     tab_name text;
 BEGIN
     SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
-    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
     WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
 
     EXECUTE 'UPDATE ' || tab_name || ' SET relname = ''mytest'' ';
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ NOTICE:  captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during UPDATE
 -- This should be allowed so that user can perform cleanup
 SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname AS conflict_tab
 FROM pg_class c
-JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
 WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test' \gset
 TRUNCATE :conflict_tab;
 DELETE FROM :conflict_tab;
@@ -828,13 +828,14 @@ DELETE FROM :conflict_tab;
 -- This should fail as the namespace is reserved for conflict logs tables
 CREATE TABLE pg_conflict.manual_table (id int);
 ERROR:  permission denied to create "pg_conflict.manual_table"
-DETAIL:  System catalog modifications are currently disallowed.
+DETAIL:  Conflict schema modifications are currently disallowed.
 -- Moving an existing table into the pg_conflict namespace
 -- Users should not be able to move their own tables within this namespace
 CREATE TABLE public.test_move (id int);
 ALTER TABLE public.test_move SET SCHEMA pg_conflict;
-ERROR:  cannot move objects into or out of CONFLICT schema
+ERROR:  cannot move objects into or out of pg_conflict schema
 DROP TABLE public.test_move;
+SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
 -- Clean up remaining test subscription
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default DISABLE;
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default SET (slot_name = NONE);
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql
index d155f24fdbb..ecba5557030 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
 -- fail - unrecognized parameter value
 CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_fail CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'invalid');
 
--- verify subconflictlogdest is 'log' and relid is 0 (InvalidOid) for default case
+-- verify subconflictlogdest is 'log' and subconflictlogrelid is 0 (InvalidOid) for default case
 CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false);
 SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
 FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_log_default';
@@ -452,10 +452,10 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_empty_str CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesno
 SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
 FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_empty_str';
 
--- this should generate an internal conflict log table named pg_conflict_log_$subid$
+-- this should generate an internal conflict log table named pg_conflict_log_for_subid_$subid$
 CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'table');
 
--- check metadata in pg_subscription: destination should be 'table' and relid valid
+-- check metadata in pg_subscription: destination should be 'table' and subconflictlogrelid valid
 SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid > 0 AS has_relid
 FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
 
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
 -- and it is located in the 'pg_conflict' namespace
 SELECT n.nspname, (c.oid = s.subconflictlogrelid) AS "oid_matches"
 FROM pg_class c
-JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
 JOIN pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
 WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
 
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
 SELECT a.attnum, a.attname
 FROM pg_attribute a
 JOIN pg_class c ON a.attrelid = c.oid
-JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
 WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' AND a.attnum > 0
     ORDER BY a.attnum;
 
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ SELECT subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid = :old_relid AS relid_unchanged
 FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
 
 -- transition from 'table' to 'log'
--- should drop the table and clear relid
+-- should drop the table and clear subconflictlogrelid
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'log');
 SELECT subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
 FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
 -- verify the physical table is gone
 SELECT count(*)
 FROM pg_class c
-JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
 WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
 
 --
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'table
 SET client_min_messages = NOTICE;
 DO $$
 BEGIN
-    EXECUTE 'DROP TABLE ' || (SELECT 'pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_' || oid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1');
+    EXECUTE 'DROP TABLE ' || (SELECT 'pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || oid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1');
 EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
     RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege';
 END $$;
@@ -551,8 +551,9 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 DISABLE;
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 SET (slot_name = NONE);
 
 -- Verify the table OID for reap check
-SELECT 'pg_conflict_log_' || oid AS internal_tablename FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' \gset
+SELECT 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || oid AS internal_tablename FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' \gset
 
+SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1;
 
 -- should return NULL, meaning the conflict log table was reaped via dependency
@@ -562,7 +563,6 @@ SELECT to_regclass(:'internal_tablename');
 -- Additional Namespace and Table Protection Tests
 --
 
-SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
 -- Setup: Ensure we have a subscription with a conflict log table
 CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist'
     PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'table');
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ DECLARE
     tab_name text;
 BEGIN
     SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
-    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
     WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
 
     RAISE NOTICE 'Attempting ALTER TABLE on internal conflict log table';
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ DECLARE
     tab_name text;
 BEGIN
     SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
-    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
     WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
 
     EXECUTE 'INSERT INTO ' || tab_name || ' (relname) VALUES (''mytest'')';
@@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ DECLARE
     tab_name text;
 BEGIN
     SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
-    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
     WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
 
     EXECUTE 'UPDATE ' || tab_name || ' SET relname = ''mytest'' ';
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ END $$;
 -- This should be allowed so that user can perform cleanup
 SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname AS conflict_tab
 FROM pg_class c
-JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_for_subid_' || s.oid
 WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test' \gset
 TRUNCATE :conflict_tab;
 DELETE FROM :conflict_tab;
@@ -637,6 +637,8 @@ CREATE TABLE public.test_move (id int);
 ALTER TABLE public.test_move SET SCHEMA pg_conflict;
 DROP TABLE public.test_move;
 
+SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
+
 -- Clean up remaining test subscription
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default DISABLE;
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default SET (slot_name = NONE);
-- 
2.53.0



  [application/octet-stream] v35-0001-Add-configurable-conflict-log-table-for-Logical-.patch (121.3K, 6-v35-0001-Add-configurable-conflict-log-table-for-Logical-.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From f80a104bc709f9363aedd9e9d662c9540132f04b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 14 May 2026 06:37:43 +0000
Subject: [PATCH v35 1/9] Add configurable conflict log table for Logical
 Replication
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

This patch adds a feature to provide a structured, queryable record of all
logical replication conflicts. The current approach of logging conflicts as
plain text in the server logs makes it difficult to query, analyze, and
use for external monitoring and automation.

This patch addresses these limitations by introducing a configurable
conflict_log_destination=('log'/'table'/'all') option in the CREATE SUBSCRIPTION
command.

If the user chooses to enable logging to a table (by selecting 'table' or 'all'),
an internal logging table named pg_conflict_log_<subid> is automatically
created within a dedicated, system-managed 'pg_conflict' namespace to prevent
users from manually dropping or altering it. This also prevents accidental
name collisions with user-created tables. This table is linked to the
subscription via an internal dependency, ensuring it is automatically dropped
when the subscription is removed

The per-subscription table model was chosen over a single global log to ensure
superior isolation and administrative flexibility by directly aligning table ownership
with the subscription’s lifecycle. This approach allows for granular permission
management, enabling the subscription owner to perform necessary maintenance
tasks like SELECT, DELETE, and TRUNCATE without the security risks or complex
Row-Level Security required by a shared global table.

The conflict details, including the original and remote tuples, are stored in JSON
columns, providing a flexible format to accommodate different table schemas.

The log table captures essential attributes such as local and remote transaction IDs,
LSNs, commit timestamps, and conflict type, providing a complete record for post-mortem
analysis.

This feature will make logical replication conflicts easier to monitor and manage,
significantly improving the overall resilience and operability of replication setups.

The conflict log tables will not be included in a publication, even if the publication
is configured to include ALL TABLES or ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA.
---
 src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c               |  14 +-
 src/backend/catalog/catalog.c              |  28 +-
 src/backend/catalog/heap.c                 |   3 +-
 src/backend/catalog/namespace.c            |  11 +-
 src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c       |  11 +-
 src/backend/catalog/pg_subscription.c      |   7 +
 src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c    | 256 +++++++++++-
 src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c           |   6 +-
 src/backend/executor/execMain.c            |  29 ++
 src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c |  25 ++
 src/bin/initdb/initdb.c                    |   1 +
 src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c             |   8 +-
 src/include/catalog/catalog.h              |   2 +
 src/include/catalog/pg_namespace.dat       |   3 +
 src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h      |  11 +
 src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h    |   3 +
 src/include/replication/conflict.h         |  32 ++
 src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out | 448 +++++++++++++++++----
 src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql      | 223 ++++++++++
 src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list           |   2 +
 20 files changed, 1017 insertions(+), 106 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c b/src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c
index 007ede997c5..84ef5304e22 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c
@@ -3344,12 +3344,20 @@ pg_class_aclmask_ext(Oid table_oid, Oid roleid, AclMode mask,
 	 * As of 7.4 we have some updatable system views; those shouldn't be
 	 * protected in this way.  Assume the view rules can take care of
 	 * themselves.  ACL_USAGE is if we ever have system sequences.
+	 *
+	 * For conflict log tables, we allow non-superusers to perform DELETE
+	 * and TRUNCATE for maintenance, while still restricting INSERT,
+	 * UPDATE, and USAGE.
 	 */
 	if ((mask & (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE)) &&
-		IsSystemClass(table_oid, classForm) &&
-		classForm->relkind != RELKIND_VIEW &&
+		IsConflictClass(classForm) &&
 		!superuser_arg(roleid))
-		mask &= ~(ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE);
+		mask &= ~(ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_USAGE);
+	else if ((mask & (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE)) &&
+			IsSystemClass(table_oid, classForm) &&
+			classForm->relkind != RELKIND_VIEW &&
+			!superuser_arg(roleid))
+			mask &= ~(ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE);
 
 	/*
 	 * Otherwise, superusers bypass all permission-checking.
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/catalog.c b/src/backend/catalog/catalog.c
index 7be49032934..4578cd07140 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/catalog.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/catalog.c
@@ -86,7 +86,9 @@ bool
 IsSystemClass(Oid relid, Form_pg_class reltuple)
 {
 	/* IsCatalogRelationOid is a bit faster, so test that first */
-	return (IsCatalogRelationOid(relid) || IsToastClass(reltuple));
+	return (IsCatalogRelationOid(relid) ||
+			IsToastClass(reltuple) ||
+			IsConflictClass(reltuple));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -230,6 +232,18 @@ IsToastClass(Form_pg_class reltuple)
 	return IsToastNamespace(relnamespace);
 }
 
+/*
+ * IsConflictClass - Check if the given pg_class tuple belongs to the conflict
+ *					 namespace.
+ */
+bool
+IsConflictClass(Form_pg_class reltuple)
+{
+	Oid			relnamespace = reltuple->relnamespace;
+
+	return IsConflictNamespace(relnamespace);
+}
+
 /*
  * IsCatalogNamespace
  *		True iff namespace is pg_catalog.
@@ -264,6 +278,18 @@ IsToastNamespace(Oid namespaceId)
 		isTempToastNamespace(namespaceId);
 }
 
+/*
+ * IsConflictNamespace
+ *		True iff namespace is pg_conflict.
+ *
+ *		Does not perform any catalog accesses.
+ */
+bool
+IsConflictNamespace(Oid namespaceId)
+{
+	return namespaceId == PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE;
+}
+
 
 /*
  * IsReservedName
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
index 4f6b00bd739..0daf98a4405 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
@@ -315,7 +315,8 @@ heap_create(const char *relname,
 	 */
 	if (!allow_system_table_mods &&
 		((IsCatalogNamespace(relnamespace) && relkind != RELKIND_INDEX) ||
-		 IsToastNamespace(relnamespace)) &&
+		 IsToastNamespace(relnamespace) ||
+		 IsConflictNamespace(relnamespace)) &&
 		IsNormalProcessingMode())
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c b/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c
index 56b87d878e8..c35fcf57fd4 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c
@@ -3523,9 +3523,8 @@ LookupCreationNamespace(const char *nspname)
 /*
  * Common checks on switching namespaces.
  *
- * We complain if either the old or new namespaces is a temporary schema
- * (or temporary toast schema), or if either the old or new namespaces is the
- * TOAST schema.
+ * We complain if either the old or new namespaces is a temporary schema,
+ * temporary toast schema, the TOAST schema, or the CONFLICT schema.
  */
 void
 CheckSetNamespace(Oid oldNspOid, Oid nspOid)
@@ -3541,6 +3540,12 @@ CheckSetNamespace(Oid oldNspOid, Oid nspOid)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
 				 errmsg("cannot move objects into or out of TOAST schema")));
+
+	/* similarly for CONFLICT schema */
+	if (nspOid == PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE || oldNspOid == PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE)
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				 errmsg("cannot move objects into or out of CONFLICT schema")));
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c
index 5c457d9aca8..c680356a10b 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_publication.c
@@ -103,6 +103,13 @@ check_publication_add_relation(PublicationRelInfo *pri)
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg(errormsg, relname),
 				 errdetail("This operation is not supported for unlogged tables.")));
+
+	/* Can't be conflict log table */
+	if (IsConflictNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(targetrel)))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				 errmsg(errormsg, relname),
+				 errdetail("This operation is not supported for conflict log tables.")));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -113,7 +120,8 @@ static void
 check_publication_add_schema(Oid schemaid)
 {
 	/* Can't be system namespace */
-	if (IsCatalogNamespace(schemaid) || IsToastNamespace(schemaid))
+	if (IsCatalogNamespace(schemaid) || IsToastNamespace(schemaid) ||
+		IsConflictNamespace(schemaid))
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				 errmsg("cannot add schema \"%s\" to publication",
@@ -157,6 +165,7 @@ is_publishable_class(Oid relid, Form_pg_class reltuple)
 			reltuple->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE ||
 			reltuple->relkind == RELKIND_SEQUENCE) &&
 		!IsCatalogRelationOid(relid) &&
+		!IsConflictClass(reltuple) &&
 		reltuple->relpersistence == RELPERSISTENCE_PERMANENT &&
 		relid >= FirstNormalObjectId;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_subscription.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_subscription.c
index 1f1fdc75af6..809818af9ea 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_subscription.c
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ GetSubscription(Oid subid, bool missing_ok, bool aclcheck)
 	sub->retaindeadtuples = subform->subretaindeadtuples;
 	sub->maxretention = subform->submaxretention;
 	sub->retentionactive = subform->subretentionactive;
+	sub->conflictlogrelid = subform->subconflictlogrelid;
 
 	/* Get conninfo */
 	if (OidIsValid(subform->subserver))
@@ -187,6 +188,12 @@ GetSubscription(Oid subid, bool missing_ok, bool aclcheck)
 								   Anum_pg_subscription_suborigin);
 	sub->origin = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
 
+	/* Get conflict log destination */
+	datum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(SUBSCRIPTIONOID,
+								   tup,
+								   Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogdest);
+	sub->conflictlogdest = TextDatumGetCString(datum);
+
 	/* Is the subscription owner a superuser? */
 	sub->ownersuperuser = superuser_arg(sub->owner);
 
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c b/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
index 523959ba0ce..c10f6bf73b0 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
@@ -21,13 +21,16 @@
 #include "access/xact.h"
 #include "catalog/catalog.h"
 #include "catalog/dependency.h"
+#include "catalog/heap.h"
 #include "catalog/indexing.h"
 #include "catalog/namespace.h"
 #include "catalog/objectaccess.h"
 #include "catalog/objectaddress.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_am_d.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_authid_d.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_database_d.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_foreign_server.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_namespace.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_subscription.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_subscription_rel.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_type.h"
@@ -79,6 +82,7 @@
 #define SUBOPT_WAL_RECEIVER_TIMEOUT			0x00010000
 #define SUBOPT_LSN					0x00020000
 #define SUBOPT_ORIGIN				0x00040000
+#define SUBOPT_CONFLICT_LOG_DEST	0x00080000
 
 /* check if the 'val' has 'bits' set */
 #define IsSet(val, bits)  (((val) & (bits)) == (bits))
@@ -107,6 +111,7 @@ typedef struct SubOpts
 	bool		retaindeadtuples;
 	int32		maxretention;
 	char	   *origin;
+	ConflictLogDest conflictlogdest;
 	XLogRecPtr	lsn;
 	char	   *wal_receiver_timeout;
 } SubOpts;
@@ -140,7 +145,7 @@ static List *merge_publications(List *oldpublist, List *newpublist, bool addpub,
 static void ReportSlotConnectionError(List *rstates, Oid subid, char *slotname, char *err);
 static void CheckAlterSubOption(Subscription *sub, const char *option,
 								bool slot_needs_update, bool isTopLevel);
-
+static Oid create_conflict_log_table(Oid subid, char *subname, Oid subowner);
 
 /*
  * Common option parsing function for CREATE and ALTER SUBSCRIPTION commands.
@@ -196,6 +201,8 @@ parse_subscription_options(ParseState *pstate, List *stmt_options,
 		opts->maxretention = 0;
 	if (IsSet(supported_opts, SUBOPT_ORIGIN))
 		opts->origin = pstrdup(LOGICALREP_ORIGIN_ANY);
+	if (IsSet(supported_opts, SUBOPT_CONFLICT_LOG_DEST))
+		opts->conflictlogdest = CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG;
 
 	/* Parse options */
 	foreach(lc, stmt_options)
@@ -431,6 +438,18 @@ parse_subscription_options(ParseState *pstate, List *stmt_options,
 										 PGC_BACKEND, PGC_S_TEST, GUC_ACTION_SET,
 										 false, 0, false);
 		}
+		else if (IsSet(supported_opts, SUBOPT_CONFLICT_LOG_DEST) &&
+				 strcmp(defel->defname, "conflict_log_destination") == 0)
+		{
+			char *val;
+
+			if (IsSet(opts->specified_opts, SUBOPT_CONFLICT_LOG_DEST))
+				errorConflictingDefElem(defel, pstate);
+
+			val = defGetString(defel);
+			opts->conflictlogdest = GetLogDestination(val);
+			opts->specified_opts |= SUBOPT_CONFLICT_LOG_DEST;
+		}
 		else
 			ereport(ERROR,
 					(errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
@@ -629,6 +648,7 @@ CreateSubscription(ParseState *pstate, CreateSubscriptionStmt *stmt,
 	uint32		supported_opts;
 	SubOpts		opts = {0};
 	AclResult	aclresult;
+	Oid			logrelid = InvalidOid;
 
 	/*
 	 * Parse and check options.
@@ -643,7 +663,8 @@ CreateSubscription(ParseState *pstate, CreateSubscriptionStmt *stmt,
 					  SUBOPT_RUN_AS_OWNER | SUBOPT_FAILOVER |
 					  SUBOPT_RETAIN_DEAD_TUPLES |
 					  SUBOPT_MAX_RETENTION_DURATION |
-					  SUBOPT_WAL_RECEIVER_TIMEOUT | SUBOPT_ORIGIN);
+					  SUBOPT_WAL_RECEIVER_TIMEOUT | SUBOPT_ORIGIN |
+					  SUBOPT_CONFLICT_LOG_DEST);
 	parse_subscription_options(pstate, stmt->options, supported_opts, &opts);
 
 	/*
@@ -817,6 +838,19 @@ CreateSubscription(ParseState *pstate, CreateSubscriptionStmt *stmt,
 	values[Anum_pg_subscription_suborigin - 1] =
 		CStringGetTextDatum(opts.origin);
 
+	/* Always set the destination, default will be 'log'. */
+	values[Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogdest - 1] =
+		CStringGetTextDatum(ConflictLogDestNames[opts.conflictlogdest]);
+
+	/* If logging to a table is required, physically create the table. */
+	if (opts.conflictlogdest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE ||
+		opts.conflictlogdest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL)
+		logrelid = create_conflict_log_table(subid, stmt->subname, owner);
+
+	/* Store table OID in the catalog. */
+	values[Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogrelid - 1] =
+						ObjectIdGetDatum(logrelid);
+
 	tup = heap_form_tuple(RelationGetDescr(rel), values, nulls);
 
 	/* Insert tuple into catalog. */
@@ -1501,7 +1535,8 @@ AlterSubscription(ParseState *pstate, AlterSubscriptionStmt *stmt,
 								  SUBOPT_RETAIN_DEAD_TUPLES |
 								  SUBOPT_MAX_RETENTION_DURATION |
 								  SUBOPT_WAL_RECEIVER_TIMEOUT |
-								  SUBOPT_ORIGIN);
+								  SUBOPT_ORIGIN |
+								  SUBOPT_CONFLICT_LOG_DEST);
 
 				parse_subscription_options(pstate, stmt->options,
 										   supported_opts, &opts);
@@ -1763,6 +1798,64 @@ AlterSubscription(ParseState *pstate, AlterSubscriptionStmt *stmt,
 					replaces[Anum_pg_subscription_subwalrcvtimeout - 1] = true;
 				}
 
+				if (IsSet(opts.specified_opts, SUBOPT_CONFLICT_LOG_DEST))
+				{
+					ConflictLogDest old_dest =
+							GetLogDestination(sub->conflictlogdest);
+
+					if (opts.conflictlogdest != old_dest)
+					{
+						bool want_table = (opts.conflictlogdest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE ||
+										   opts.conflictlogdest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL);
+						bool has_oldtable = (old_dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE ||
+											 old_dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL);
+
+						values[Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogdest - 1] =
+							CStringGetTextDatum(ConflictLogDestNames[opts.conflictlogdest]);
+						replaces[Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogdest - 1] = true;
+
+						if (want_table && !has_oldtable)
+						{
+							Oid		relid;
+
+							relid = create_conflict_log_table(subid, sub->name,
+															  sub->owner);
+
+							values[Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogrelid - 1] =
+														ObjectIdGetDatum(relid);
+							replaces[Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogrelid - 1] =
+														true;
+						}
+						else if (!want_table && has_oldtable)
+						{
+							ObjectAddress object;
+
+							/*
+							 * Conflict log tables are recorded as internal
+							 * dependencies of the subscription.  Drop the
+							 * table if it is not required anymore to avoid
+							 * stale or orphaned relations.
+							 *
+							 * XXX: At present, only conflict log tables are
+							 * managed this way.  In future if we introduce
+							 * additional internal dependencies, we may need
+							 * a targeted deletion to avoid deletion of any
+							 * other objects.
+							 */
+							ObjectAddressSet(object, SubscriptionRelationId,
+											 subid);
+							performDeletion(&object, DROP_CASCADE,
+											PERFORM_DELETION_INTERNAL |
+											PERFORM_DELETION_SKIP_ORIGINAL);
+
+							values[Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogrelid - 1] =
+												ObjectIdGetDatum(InvalidOid);
+							replaces[Anum_pg_subscription_subconflictlogrelid - 1] =
+												true;
+						}
+					}
+				}
+
 				update_tuple = true;
 				break;
 			}
@@ -2202,6 +2295,7 @@ DropSubscription(DropSubscriptionStmt *stmt, bool isTopLevel)
 	Form_pg_subscription form;
 	List	   *rstates;
 	bool		must_use_password;
+	ObjectAddress	object;
 
 	/*
 	 * The launcher may concurrently start a new worker for this subscription.
@@ -2388,6 +2482,19 @@ DropSubscription(DropSubscriptionStmt *stmt, bool isTopLevel)
 	deleteDependencyRecordsFor(SubscriptionRelationId, subid, false);
 	deleteSharedDependencyRecordsFor(SubscriptionRelationId, subid, 0);
 
+	/*
+	 * Conflict log tables are recorded as internal dependencies of the
+	 * subscription.  We must drop the dependent objects before the
+	 * subscription itself is removed.  By using
+	 * PERFORM_DELETION_SKIP_ORIGINAL, we ensure that only the conflict log
+	 * table is reaped while the subscription remains for the final deletion
+	 * step.
+	 */
+	ObjectAddressSet(object, SubscriptionRelationId, subid);
+	performDeletion(&object, DROP_CASCADE,
+					PERFORM_DELETION_INTERNAL |
+					PERFORM_DELETION_SKIP_ORIGINAL);
+
 	/* Remove any associated relation synchronization states. */
 	RemoveSubscriptionRel(subid, InvalidOid);
 
@@ -3427,3 +3534,146 @@ defGetStreamingMode(DefElem *def)
 					def->defname)));
 	return LOGICALREP_STREAM_OFF;	/* keep compiler quiet */
 }
+
+/*
+ * Builds the TupleDesc for the conflict log table.
+ */
+static TupleDesc
+create_conflict_log_table_tupdesc(void)
+{
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
+
+	tupdesc = CreateTemplateTupleDesc(MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM; i++)
+	{
+		Oid type_oid = ConflictLogSchema[i].atttypid;
+
+		/*
+		 * Special handling for the JSON array type for proper
+		 * TupleDescInitEntry call.
+		 */
+		if (type_oid == JSONARRAYOID)
+			type_oid = get_array_type(JSONOID);
+
+		TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, i + 1,
+						   ConflictLogSchema[i].attname,
+						   type_oid,
+						   -1, 0);
+	}
+
+	TupleDescFinalize(tupdesc);
+
+	return tupdesc;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a structured conflict log table for a subscription.
+ *
+ * The table is created within the system-managed 'pg_conflict' namespace to
+ * prevent users from manually dropping or altering it.  This also prevents
+ * accidental name collisions with user-created tables with the same name.
+ *
+ * The table name is generated automatically using the subscription's OID
+ * (e.g., "pg_conflict_log_<subid>") to ensure uniqueness within the cluster
+ * and to avoid collisions during subscription renames.
+ */
+static Oid
+create_conflict_log_table(Oid subid, char *subname, Oid subowner)
+{
+	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
+	Oid			relid;
+	ObjectAddress	myself;
+	ObjectAddress	subaddr;
+	char    	relname[NAMEDATALEN];
+
+	snprintf(relname, NAMEDATALEN, "pg_conflict_log_%u", subid);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check for an existing table with the sname name in the pg_conflict namespace.
+	 * A collision should not occur under normal operation, but we must handle cases
+	 * where a table has been created manually.
+	 */
+	if (OidIsValid(get_relname_relid(relname, PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE)))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_TABLE),
+				 errmsg("conflict log table pg_conflict.\"%s\" already exists", relname),
+				 errhint("A table with the same name already exists. "
+						 "To proceed, drop the existing table and retry.")));
+
+	/* Build the tuple descriptor for the new table. */
+	tupdesc = create_conflict_log_table_tupdesc();
+
+	/* Create conflict log table. */
+	relid = heap_create_with_catalog(relname,
+									 PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE,
+									 0,	/* tablespace */
+									 InvalidOid, /* relid */
+									 InvalidOid, /* reltypeid */
+									 InvalidOid, /* reloftypeid */
+									 subowner,
+									 HEAP_TABLE_AM_OID,
+									 tupdesc,
+									 NIL,
+									 RELKIND_RELATION,
+									 RELPERSISTENCE_PERMANENT,
+									 false, /* shared_relation */
+									 false, /* mapped_relation */
+									 ONCOMMIT_NOOP,
+									 (Datum) 0, /* reloptions */
+									 false, /* use_user_acl */
+									 true, /* allow_system_table_mods */
+									 true, /* is_internal */
+									 InvalidOid, /* relrewrite */
+									 NULL); /* typaddress */
+
+	/*
+	 * Establish an internal dependency between the conflict log table and
+	 * the subscription.
+	 *
+	 * We use DEPENDENCY_INTERNAL to signify that the table's lifecycle is
+	 * strictly tied to the subscription, similar to how a TOAST table relates
+	 * to its main table or a sequence relates to an identity column.
+	 *
+	 * This ensures the conflict log table is automatically reaped during a
+	 * DROP SUBSCRIPTION via performDeletion().
+	 */
+	ObjectAddressSet(myself, RelationRelationId, relid);
+	ObjectAddressSet(subaddr, SubscriptionRelationId, subid);
+	recordDependencyOn(&myself, &subaddr, DEPENDENCY_INTERNAL);
+
+	/* Release tuple descriptor memory. */
+	FreeTupleDesc(tupdesc);
+
+	ereport(NOTICE,
+			(errmsg("created conflict log table \"%s\" for subscription \"%s\"",
+					get_qualified_objname(PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE, relname),
+					subname)));
+
+	return relid;
+}
+
+/*
+ * GetLogDestination
+ *
+ * Convert string to enum by comparing against standardized labels.
+ */
+ConflictLogDest
+GetLogDestination(const char *dest)
+{
+	/* Empty string or NULL defaults to LOG. */
+	if (dest == NULL || dest[0] == '\0' || pg_strcasecmp(dest, "log") == 0)
+		return CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG;
+
+	if (pg_strcasecmp(dest, "table") == 0)
+		return CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE;
+
+	if (pg_strcasecmp(dest, "all") == 0)
+		return CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL;
+
+	/* Unrecognized string. */
+	ereport(ERROR,
+			(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+			 errmsg("unrecognized conflict_log_destination value: \"%s\"", dest),
+			 errhint("Valid values are \"log\", \"table\", and \"all\".")));
+}
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
index 92b0f38c353..adf6b0f01d9 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
@@ -2457,9 +2457,11 @@ truncate_check_rel(Oid relid, Form_pg_class reltuple)
 	 * pg_largeobject and pg_largeobject_metadata to be truncated as part of
 	 * pg_upgrade, because we need to change its relfilenode to match the old
 	 * cluster, and allowing a TRUNCATE command to be executed is the easiest
-	 * way of doing that.
+	 * way of doing that.  We also allow TRUNCATE on the conflict log tables,
+	 * to permit users to manually prune these logs to manage disk space.
 	 */
-	if (!allowSystemTableMods && IsSystemClass(relid, reltuple)
+	if (!allowSystemTableMods && IsSystemClass(relid, reltuple) &&
+		!IsConflictClass(reltuple)
 		&& (!IsBinaryUpgrade ||
 			(relid != LargeObjectRelationId &&
 			 relid != LargeObjectMetadataRelationId)))
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/execMain.c b/src/backend/executor/execMain.c
index 4b30f768680..345640fe41d 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/execMain.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/execMain.c
@@ -1187,6 +1187,24 @@ CheckValidResultRel(ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo, CmdType operation,
 							RelationGetRelationName(resultRel))));
 			break;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Conflict log tables are managed by the system to record logical
+	 * replication conflicts.  We allow DELETE and TRUNCATE to permit users to
+	 * manually prune these logs, but manual data insertion or modification
+	 * (INSERT, UPDATE, MERGE) is prohibited to maintain the integrity of the
+	 * system-generated logs.
+	 *
+	 * Since TRUNCATE is handled as a separate utility command, we only need
+	 * to explicitly permit CMD_DELETE here.
+	 */
+	if (IsConflictNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(resultRel)) &&
+		operation != CMD_DELETE)
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
+				 errmsg("cannot modify or insert data into conflict log table \"%s\"",
+						RelationGetRelationName(resultRel)),
+				 errdetail("Conflict log tables are system-managed and only support cleanup via DELETE or TRUNCATE.")));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1258,6 +1276,17 @@ CheckValidRowMarkRel(Relation rel, RowMarkType markType)
 							RelationGetRelationName(rel))));
 			break;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Conflict log tables are managed by the system to record logical
+	 * replication conflicts.  We do not allow locking rows in CONFLICT
+	 * relations.
+	 */
+	if (IsConflictNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(rel)))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
+				 errmsg("cannot lock rows in conflict log table \"%s\"",
+						RelationGetRelationName(rel))));
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
index 1f8d67fdd90..d038e265ca9 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
@@ -24,6 +24,31 @@
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
 
+const char *const ConflictLogDestNames[] = {
+	[CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG] = "log",
+	[CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE] = "table",
+	[CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL] = "all"
+};
+
+const ConflictLogColumnDef ConflictLogSchema[] = {
+	{ .attname = "relid",            .atttypid = OIDOID },
+	{ .attname = "schemaname",       .atttypid = TEXTOID },
+	{ .attname = "relname",          .atttypid = TEXTOID },
+	{ .attname = "conflict_type",    .atttypid = TEXTOID },
+	{ .attname = "remote_xid",       .atttypid = XIDOID },
+	{ .attname = "remote_commit_lsn",.atttypid = LSNOID },
+	{ .attname = "remote_commit_ts", .atttypid = TIMESTAMPTZOID },
+	{ .attname = "remote_origin",    .atttypid = TEXTOID },
+	{ .attname = "replica_identity", .atttypid = JSONOID },
+	{ .attname = "remote_tuple",     .atttypid = JSONOID },
+	{ .attname = "local_conflicts",  .atttypid = JSONARRAYOID }
+};
+
+StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(ConflictLogSchema) == MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM,
+				 "ConflictLogSchema length mismatch");
+StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(ConflictLogDestNames) == 3,
+				 "ConflictLogDestNames length mismatch");
+
 static const char *const ConflictTypeNames[] = {
 	[CT_INSERT_EXISTS] = "insert_exists",
 	[CT_UPDATE_ORIGIN_DIFFERS] = "update_origin_differs",
diff --git a/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c b/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
index 14cb79c26be..fa3316fcb97 100644
--- a/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
+++ b/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
@@ -1839,6 +1839,7 @@ setup_privileges(FILE *cmdfd)
 				  "  AND relacl IS NULL;\n\n",
 				  escape_quotes(username));
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_catalog, public TO PUBLIC;\n\n");
+	PG_CMD_PUTS("GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA pg_conflict TO pg_create_subscription;\n\n");
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("REVOKE ALL ON pg_largeobject FROM PUBLIC;\n\n");
 	PG_CMD_PUTS("INSERT INTO pg_init_privs "
 				"  (objoid, classoid, objsubid, initprivs, privtype)"
diff --git a/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c b/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c
index 75132528f3a..6d2c411338f 100644
--- a/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c
+++ b/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.in.c
@@ -2376,8 +2376,8 @@ match_previous_words(int pattern_id,
 		COMPLETE_WITH("(", "PUBLICATION");
 	/* ALTER SUBSCRIPTION <name> SET ( */
 	else if (Matches("ALTER", "SUBSCRIPTION", MatchAny, MatchAnyN, "SET", "("))
-		COMPLETE_WITH("binary", "disable_on_error", "failover",
-					  "max_retention_duration", "origin",
+		COMPLETE_WITH("binary", "conflict_log_destination", "disable_on_error",
+					  "failover", "max_retention_duration", "origin",
 					  "password_required", "retain_dead_tuples",
 					  "run_as_owner", "slot_name", "streaming",
 					  "synchronous_commit", "two_phase");
@@ -3958,8 +3958,8 @@ match_previous_words(int pattern_id,
 		COMPLETE_WITH("WITH (");
 	/* Complete "CREATE SUBSCRIPTION <name> ...  WITH ( <opt>" */
 	else if (Matches("CREATE", "SUBSCRIPTION", MatchAnyN, "WITH", "("))
-		COMPLETE_WITH("binary", "connect", "copy_data", "create_slot",
-					  "disable_on_error", "enabled", "failover",
+		COMPLETE_WITH("binary", "conflict_log_destination", "connect", "copy_data",
+					  "create_slot", "disable_on_error", "enabled", "failover",
 					  "max_retention_duration", "origin",
 					  "password_required", "retain_dead_tuples",
 					  "run_as_owner", "slot_name", "streaming",
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/catalog.h b/src/include/catalog/catalog.h
index a9d6e8ea986..8193229f2e2 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/catalog.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/catalog.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ extern bool IsInplaceUpdateRelation(Relation relation);
 
 extern bool IsSystemClass(Oid relid, Form_pg_class reltuple);
 extern bool IsToastClass(Form_pg_class reltuple);
+extern bool IsConflictClass(Form_pg_class reltuple);
 
 extern bool IsCatalogRelationOid(Oid relid);
 extern bool IsCatalogTextUniqueIndexOid(Oid relid);
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ extern bool IsInplaceUpdateOid(Oid relid);
 
 extern bool IsCatalogNamespace(Oid namespaceId);
 extern bool IsToastNamespace(Oid namespaceId);
+extern bool IsConflictNamespace(Oid namespaceId);
 
 extern bool IsReservedName(const char *name);
 
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_namespace.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_namespace.dat
index 3075e142c73..b45cb9383a8 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_namespace.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_namespace.dat
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 { oid => '99', oid_symbol => 'PG_TOAST_NAMESPACE',
   descr => 'reserved schema for TOAST tables',
   nspname => 'pg_toast', nspacl => '_null_' },
+{ oid => '1382', oid_symbol => 'PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE',
+  descr => 'reserved schema for subscription-specific conflict log tables',
+  nspname => 'pg_conflict', nspacl => '_null_' },
 # update dumpNamespace() if changing this descr
 { oid => '2200', oid_symbol => 'PG_PUBLIC_NAMESPACE',
   descr => 'standard public schema',
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h
index a6a2ad1e49c..5f214d3586b 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_subscription.h
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ CATALOG(pg_subscription,6100,SubscriptionRelationId) BKI_SHARED_RELATION BKI_ROW
 	Oid			subserver BKI_LOOKUP_OPT(pg_foreign_server);	/* If connection uses
 																 * server */
 
+	Oid         subconflictlogrelid; /* Relid of the conflict log table. */
 #ifdef CATALOG_VARLEN			/* variable-length fields start here */
 	/* Connection string to the publisher */
 	text		subconninfo;	/* Set if connecting with connection string */
@@ -111,6 +112,14 @@ CATALOG(pg_subscription,6100,SubscriptionRelationId) BKI_SHARED_RELATION BKI_ROW
 	/* List of publications subscribed to */
 	text		subpublications[1] BKI_FORCE_NOT_NULL;
 
+	/*
+	 * Strategy for logging replication conflicts:
+	 * 'log' - server log only,
+	 * 'table' - conflict log table only,
+	 * 'all' - both log and table.
+	 */
+	text		subconflictlogdest BKI_FORCE_NOT_NULL;
+
 	/* Only publish data originating from the specified origin */
 	text		suborigin BKI_DEFAULT(LOGICALREP_ORIGIN_ANY);
 #endif
@@ -164,6 +173,7 @@ typedef struct Subscription
 									 * and the retention duration has not
 									 * exceeded max_retention_duration, when
 									 * defined */
+	Oid			conflictlogrelid;	/* conflict log table Oid */
 	char	   *conninfo;		/* Connection string to the publisher */
 	char	   *slotname;		/* Name of the replication slot */
 	char	   *synccommit;		/* Synchronous commit setting for worker */
@@ -171,6 +181,7 @@ typedef struct Subscription
 	List	   *publications;	/* List of publication names to subscribe to */
 	char	   *origin;			/* Only publish data originating from the
 								 * specified origin */
+	char	   *conflictlogdest;	/* Conflict log destination */
 } Subscription;
 
 #ifdef EXPOSE_TO_CLIENT_CODE
diff --git a/src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h b/src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h
index 63504232a14..a895127f8fe 100644
--- a/src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h
+++ b/src/include/commands/subscriptioncmds.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 #include "catalog/objectaddress.h"
 #include "parser/parse_node.h"
+#include "replication/conflict.h"
 
 extern ObjectAddress CreateSubscription(ParseState *pstate, CreateSubscriptionStmt *stmt,
 										bool isTopLevel);
@@ -36,4 +37,6 @@ extern void CheckSubDeadTupleRetention(bool check_guc, bool sub_disabled,
 									   bool retention_active,
 									   bool max_retention_set);
 
+extern ConflictLogDest GetLogDestination(const char *dest);
+
 #endif							/* SUBSCRIPTIONCMDS_H */
diff --git a/src/include/replication/conflict.h b/src/include/replication/conflict.h
index 2d9dbcf4d0d..00a9cbec264 100644
--- a/src/include/replication/conflict.h
+++ b/src/include/replication/conflict.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #define CONFLICT_H
 
 #include "access/xlogdefs.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "datatype/timestamp.h"
 #include "nodes/pg_list.h"
 
@@ -79,6 +80,37 @@ typedef struct ConflictTupleInfo
 								 * conflicting local row occurred */
 } ConflictTupleInfo;
 
+/*
+ * Defines where logical replication conflict details are recorded.
+ *
+ * While stored as a text-based array/string in
+ * pg_subscription.subconflictlogdest for user readability and extensibility,
+ * we map these to an internal enum to allow for efficient checks.
+ */
+typedef enum ConflictLogDest
+{
+	CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG = 0,	/* Emit to server logs */
+	CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE,	/* Insert into the conflict log table */
+	CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL		/* Both log and table */
+} ConflictLogDest;
+
+/*
+ * Array mapping for converting internal enum to string.
+ */
+extern PGDLLIMPORT const char *const ConflictLogDestNames[];
+
+/* Structure to hold metadata for one column of the conflict log table */
+typedef struct ConflictLogColumnDef
+{
+	const char *attname;    /* Column name */
+	Oid         atttypid;   /* Data type OID */
+} ConflictLogColumnDef;
+
+/* The single source of truth for the conflict log table schema */
+extern PGDLLIMPORT const ConflictLogColumnDef ConflictLogSchema[];
+
+#define MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM 11
+
 extern bool GetTupleTransactionInfo(TupleTableSlot *localslot,
 									TransactionId *xmin,
 									ReplOriginId *localorigin,
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out b/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
index 7e3cabdb93f..85f9c60f449 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
@@ -124,18 +124,18 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub4 CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PU
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+ regress_testsub4
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
-------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | none   | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | none   | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub4 SET (origin = any);
 \dRs+ regress_testsub4
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
-------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub3;
@@ -200,10 +200,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'foobar';
 ERROR:  invalid connection string syntax: missing "=" after "foobar" in connection info string
 
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                          List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                                                  List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET PUBLICATION testpub2, testpub3 WITH (refresh = false);
@@ -212,10 +212,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = 'newname');
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (password_required = false);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (run_as_owner = true);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                              List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | f                 | t             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                                                      List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | f                 | t             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (password_required = true);
@@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ ERROR:  unrecognized subscription parameter: "create_slot"
 -- ok
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SKIP (lsn = '0/12345');
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                              List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00012345 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                                                      List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00012345 | test subscription | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 -- ok - with lsn = NONE
@@ -243,10 +243,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SKIP (lsn = NONE);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SKIP (lsn = '0/0');
 ERROR:  invalid WAL location (LSN): 0/0
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                              List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                                                      List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 BEGIN;
@@ -282,10 +282,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub_foo SET (wal_receiver_timeout = '80s');
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub_foo SET (wal_receiver_timeout = 'foobar');
 ERROR:  invalid value for parameter "wal_receiver_timeout": "foobar"
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                List of subscriptions
-        Name         |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
----------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub_foo | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | local              | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | 80s              | 0/00000000 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                                                        List of subscriptions
+        Name         |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+---------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub_foo | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | local              | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | 80s              | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 -- rename back to keep the rest simple
@@ -314,19 +314,19 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | t      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | t      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (binary = false);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub;
@@ -338,27 +338,27 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (streaming = parallel);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (streaming = false);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 -- fail - publication already exists
@@ -373,10 +373,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub ADD PUBLICATION testpub1, testpub2 WITH (refr
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub ADD PUBLICATION testpub1, testpub2 WITH (refresh = false);
 ERROR:  publication "testpub1" is already in subscription "regress_testsub"
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |         Publication         | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-----------------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub,testpub1,testpub2} | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |         Publication         | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-----------------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub,testpub1,testpub2} | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 -- fail - publication used more than once
@@ -391,10 +391,10 @@ ERROR:  publication "testpub3" is not in subscription "regress_testsub"
 -- ok - delete publications
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub DROP PUBLICATION testpub1, testpub2 WITH (refresh = false);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub;
@@ -430,19 +430,19 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 -- we can alter streaming when two_phase enabled
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (streaming = true);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -452,10 +452,10 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -468,18 +468,18 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (disable_on_error = true);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | t                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | t                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -492,10 +492,10 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -509,19 +509,19 @@ NOTICE:  max_retention_duration is ineffective when retain_dead_tuples is disabl
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                   1000 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                   1000 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 -- ok
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (max_retention_duration = 0);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
+      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination | Conflict log table 
+-----------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+--------------------
+ regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log                      | -
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -576,6 +576,278 @@ COMMIT;
 -- ok, owning it is enough for this stuff
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub;
+--
+-- CONFLICT LOG DESTINATION TESTS
+--
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION 'regress_subscription_user';
+SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
+-- fail - unrecognized parameter value
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_fail CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'invalid');
+ERROR:  unrecognized conflict_log_destination value: "invalid"
+HINT:  Valid values are "log", "table", and "all".
+-- verify subconflictlogdest is 'log' and relid is 0 (InvalidOid) for default case
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false);
+WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
+HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
+SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_log_default';
+           subname            | subconflictlogdest | subconflictlogrelid 
+------------------------------+--------------------+---------------------
+ regress_conflict_log_default | log                |                   0
+(1 row)
+
+-- verify empty string defaults to 'log'
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_empty_str CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = '');
+WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
+HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
+SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_empty_str';
+          subname           | subconflictlogdest | subconflictlogrelid 
+----------------------------+--------------------+---------------------
+ regress_conflict_empty_str | log                |                   0
+(1 row)
+
+-- this should generate an internal conflict log table named pg_conflict_log_$subid$
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'table');
+WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
+HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
+-- check metadata in pg_subscription: destination should be 'table' and relid valid
+SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid > 0 AS has_relid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
+        subname         | subconflictlogdest | has_relid 
+------------------------+--------------------+-----------
+ regress_conflict_test1 | table              | t
+(1 row)
+
+-- verify the physical table exists, its OID matches subconflictlogrelid,
+-- and it is located in the 'pg_conflict' namespace
+SELECT n.nspname, (c.oid = s.subconflictlogrelid) AS "oid_matches"
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
+   nspname   | oid_matches 
+-------------+-------------
+ pg_conflict | t
+(1 row)
+
+-- check if the conflict log table has the correct schema
+SELECT a.attnum, a.attname
+FROM pg_attribute a
+JOIN pg_class c ON a.attrelid = c.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' AND a.attnum > 0
+    ORDER BY a.attnum;
+ attnum |      attname      
+--------+-------------------
+      1 | relid
+      2 | schemaname
+      3 | relname
+      4 | conflict_type
+      5 | remote_xid
+      6 | remote_commit_lsn
+      7 | remote_commit_ts
+      8 | remote_origin
+      9 | replica_identity
+     10 | remote_tuple
+     11 | local_conflicts
+(11 rows)
+
+--
+-- ALTER SUBSCRIPTION - conflict_log_destination state transitions
+--
+-- These tests verify the transition logic between different logging
+-- destinations, ensuring conflict log tables are created or dropped as
+-- expected
+--
+-- transition from 'log' to 'all'
+-- a new internal conflict log table should be created
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'log');
+WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
+HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'all');
+-- verify metadata after ALTER (destination should be 'all')
+SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid > 0 AS has_relid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
+        subname         | subconflictlogdest | has_relid 
+------------------------+--------------------+-----------
+ regress_conflict_test2 | all                | t
+(1 row)
+
+-- transition from 'all' to 'table'
+-- should NOT drop the table, only change destination string
+SELECT subconflictlogrelid AS old_relid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2' \gset
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'table');
+SELECT subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid = :old_relid AS relid_unchanged
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
+ subconflictlogdest | relid_unchanged 
+--------------------+-----------------
+ table              | t
+(1 row)
+
+-- transition from 'table' to 'log'
+-- should drop the table and clear relid
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'log');
+SELECT subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
+ subconflictlogdest | subconflictlogrelid 
+--------------------+---------------------
+ log                |                   0
+(1 row)
+
+-- verify the physical table is gone
+SELECT count(*)
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
+ count 
+-------
+     0
+(1 row)
+
+--
+-- PUBLICATION: Verify conflict log tables are not publishable
+--
+-- pg_relation_is_publishable should return false for internal conflict log
+-- tables to prevent them from being accidentally included in publications
+--
+SELECT n.nspname, pg_relation_is_publishable(c.oid)
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON s.subconflictlogrelid = c.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
+   nspname   | pg_relation_is_publishable 
+-------------+----------------------------
+ pg_conflict | f
+(1 row)
+
+--
+-- Table Protection and Lifecycle Management
+--
+-- These tests verify that:
+-- Manual DROP TABLE is disallowed
+-- DROP SUBSCRIPTION automatically reaps the table
+--
+-- re-enable table logging for verification
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'table');
+-- We use a DO block with dynamic SQL because the internal conflict log table
+-- name contains the subscription OID, which is non-deterministic. This
+-- approach allows us to attempt the DROP and capture the expected error
+-- without hard-coding a specific OID in the expected output
+-- fail - drop table not allowed due to internal dependency
+SET client_min_messages = NOTICE;
+DO $$
+BEGIN
+    EXECUTE 'DROP TABLE ' || (SELECT 'pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_' || oid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1');
+EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege';
+END $$;
+NOTICE:  captured expected error: insufficient_privilege
+-- CLEANUP: DROP SUBSCRIPTION reaps the table
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 SET (slot_name = NONE);
+-- Verify the table OID for reap check
+SELECT 'pg_conflict_log_' || oid AS internal_tablename FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' \gset
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1;
+-- should return NULL, meaning the conflict log table was reaped via dependency
+SELECT to_regclass(:'internal_tablename');
+ to_regclass 
+-------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+--
+-- Additional Namespace and Table Protection Tests
+--
+SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
+-- Setup: Ensure we have a subscription with a conflict log table
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist'
+    PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'table');
+WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
+HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
+-- Trying to ALTER the internal conflict log table
+-- This should fail because the table is system-managed
+-- As mentioned in previous test cases, we use a DO block to hide dynamic OIDs
+SET client_min_messages = NOTICE;
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    tab_name text;
+BEGIN
+    SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
+
+    RAISE NOTICE 'Attempting ALTER TABLE on internal conflict log table';
+    EXECUTE 'ALTER TABLE ' || tab_name || ' ADD COLUMN extra_info text';
+EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during ALTER';
+END $$;
+NOTICE:  Attempting ALTER TABLE on internal conflict log table
+NOTICE:  captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during ALTER
+-- Test Manual INSERT on conflict log table
+-- This should fail because the table is system-managed
+-- Hiding the OID in the error message by catching the exception
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    tab_name text;
+BEGIN
+    SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
+
+    EXECUTE 'INSERT INTO ' || tab_name || ' (relname) VALUES (''mytest'')';
+EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during INSERT';
+END $$;
+NOTICE:  captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during INSERT
+-- Test Manual UPDATE on conflict log table
+-- This should fail because the table is system-managed
+-- Hiding the OID in the error message by catching the exception
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    tab_name text;
+BEGIN
+    SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
+
+    EXECUTE 'UPDATE ' || tab_name || ' SET relname = ''mytest'' ';
+EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during UPDATE';
+END $$;
+NOTICE:  captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during UPDATE
+-- Trying to perform TRUNCATE/DELETE on the internal conflict log table
+-- This should be allowed so that user can perform cleanup
+SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname AS conflict_tab
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test' \gset
+TRUNCATE :conflict_tab;
+DELETE FROM :conflict_tab;
+-- Trying to create a new table manually in the pg_conflict namespace
+-- This should fail as the namespace is reserved for conflict logs tables
+CREATE TABLE pg_conflict.manual_table (id int);
+ERROR:  permission denied to create "pg_conflict.manual_table"
+DETAIL:  System catalog modifications are currently disallowed.
+-- Moving an existing table into the pg_conflict namespace
+-- Users should not be able to move their own tables within this namespace
+CREATE TABLE public.test_move (id int);
+ALTER TABLE public.test_move SET SCHEMA pg_conflict;
+ERROR:  cannot move objects into or out of CONFLICT schema
+DROP TABLE public.test_move;
+-- Clean up remaining test subscription
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default SET (slot_name = NONE);
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_empty_str DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_empty_str SET (slot_name = NONE);
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_empty_str;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (slot_name = NONE);
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test SET (slot_name = NONE);
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test;
 RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
 DROP ROLE regress_subscription_user;
 DROP ROLE regress_subscription_user2;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql
index 6c3d9632e8a..d155f24fdbb 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/subscription.sql
@@ -431,6 +431,229 @@ COMMIT;
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub;
 
+--
+-- CONFLICT LOG DESTINATION TESTS
+--
+
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION 'regress_subscription_user';
+
+SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
+
+-- fail - unrecognized parameter value
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_fail CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'invalid');
+
+-- verify subconflictlogdest is 'log' and relid is 0 (InvalidOid) for default case
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false);
+SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_log_default';
+
+-- verify empty string defaults to 'log'
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_empty_str CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = '');
+SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_empty_str';
+
+-- this should generate an internal conflict log table named pg_conflict_log_$subid$
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'table');
+
+-- check metadata in pg_subscription: destination should be 'table' and relid valid
+SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid > 0 AS has_relid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
+
+-- verify the physical table exists, its OID matches subconflictlogrelid,
+-- and it is located in the 'pg_conflict' namespace
+SELECT n.nspname, (c.oid = s.subconflictlogrelid) AS "oid_matches"
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+JOIN pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
+
+-- check if the conflict log table has the correct schema
+SELECT a.attnum, a.attname
+FROM pg_attribute a
+JOIN pg_class c ON a.attrelid = c.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' AND a.attnum > 0
+    ORDER BY a.attnum;
+
+--
+-- ALTER SUBSCRIPTION - conflict_log_destination state transitions
+--
+-- These tests verify the transition logic between different logging
+-- destinations, ensuring conflict log tables are created or dropped as
+-- expected
+--
+-- transition from 'log' to 'all'
+-- a new internal conflict log table should be created
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'log');
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'all');
+
+-- verify metadata after ALTER (destination should be 'all')
+SELECT subname, subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid > 0 AS has_relid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
+
+-- transition from 'all' to 'table'
+-- should NOT drop the table, only change destination string
+SELECT subconflictlogrelid AS old_relid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2' \gset
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'table');
+SELECT subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid = :old_relid AS relid_unchanged
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
+
+-- transition from 'table' to 'log'
+-- should drop the table and clear relid
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'log');
+SELECT subconflictlogdest, subconflictlogrelid
+FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
+
+-- verify the physical table is gone
+SELECT count(*)
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test2';
+
+--
+-- PUBLICATION: Verify conflict log tables are not publishable
+--
+-- pg_relation_is_publishable should return false for internal conflict log
+-- tables to prevent them from being accidentally included in publications
+--
+SELECT n.nspname, pg_relation_is_publishable(c.oid)
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_namespace n ON c.relnamespace = n.oid
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON s.subconflictlogrelid = c.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_test1';
+
+--
+-- Table Protection and Lifecycle Management
+--
+-- These tests verify that:
+-- Manual DROP TABLE is disallowed
+-- DROP SUBSCRIPTION automatically reaps the table
+--
+-- re-enable table logging for verification
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 SET (conflict_log_destination = 'table');
+
+-- We use a DO block with dynamic SQL because the internal conflict log table
+-- name contains the subscription OID, which is non-deterministic. This
+-- approach allows us to attempt the DROP and capture the expected error
+-- without hard-coding a specific OID in the expected output
+
+-- fail - drop table not allowed due to internal dependency
+SET client_min_messages = NOTICE;
+DO $$
+BEGIN
+    EXECUTE 'DROP TABLE ' || (SELECT 'pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_' || oid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1');
+EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege';
+END $$;
+
+-- CLEANUP: DROP SUBSCRIPTION reaps the table
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1 SET (slot_name = NONE);
+
+-- Verify the table OID for reap check
+SELECT 'pg_conflict_log_' || oid AS internal_tablename FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'regress_conflict_test1' \gset
+
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test1;
+
+-- should return NULL, meaning the conflict log table was reaped via dependency
+SELECT to_regclass(:'internal_tablename');
+
+--
+-- Additional Namespace and Table Protection Tests
+--
+
+SET client_min_messages = WARNING;
+-- Setup: Ensure we have a subscription with a conflict log table
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist'
+    PUBLICATION testpub WITH (connect = false, conflict_log_destination = 'table');
+
+-- Trying to ALTER the internal conflict log table
+-- This should fail because the table is system-managed
+-- As mentioned in previous test cases, we use a DO block to hide dynamic OIDs
+
+SET client_min_messages = NOTICE;
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    tab_name text;
+BEGIN
+    SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
+
+    RAISE NOTICE 'Attempting ALTER TABLE on internal conflict log table';
+    EXECUTE 'ALTER TABLE ' || tab_name || ' ADD COLUMN extra_info text';
+EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during ALTER';
+END $$;
+
+-- Test Manual INSERT on conflict log table
+-- This should fail because the table is system-managed
+-- Hiding the OID in the error message by catching the exception
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    tab_name text;
+BEGIN
+    SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
+
+    EXECUTE 'INSERT INTO ' || tab_name || ' (relname) VALUES (''mytest'')';
+EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during INSERT';
+END $$;
+
+-- Test Manual UPDATE on conflict log table
+-- This should fail because the table is system-managed
+-- Hiding the OID in the error message by catching the exception
+DO $$
+DECLARE
+    tab_name text;
+BEGIN
+    SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname INTO tab_name
+    FROM pg_class c JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+    WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test';
+
+    EXECUTE 'UPDATE ' || tab_name || ' SET relname = ''mytest'' ';
+EXCEPTION WHEN insufficient_privilege THEN
+    RAISE NOTICE 'captured expected error: insufficient_privilege during UPDATE';
+END $$;
+
+-- Trying to perform TRUNCATE/DELETE on the internal conflict log table
+-- This should be allowed so that user can perform cleanup
+SELECT 'pg_conflict.' || relname AS conflict_tab
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_subscription s ON c.relname = 'pg_conflict_log_' || s.oid
+WHERE s.subname = 'regress_conflict_protection_test' \gset
+TRUNCATE :conflict_tab;
+DELETE FROM :conflict_tab;
+
+-- Trying to create a new table manually in the pg_conflict namespace
+-- This should fail as the namespace is reserved for conflict logs tables
+CREATE TABLE pg_conflict.manual_table (id int);
+
+-- Moving an existing table into the pg_conflict namespace
+-- Users should not be able to move their own tables within this namespace
+CREATE TABLE public.test_move (id int);
+ALTER TABLE public.test_move SET SCHEMA pg_conflict;
+DROP TABLE public.test_move;
+
+-- Clean up remaining test subscription
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default SET (slot_name = NONE);
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_log_default;
+
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_empty_str DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_empty_str SET (slot_name = NONE);
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_empty_str;
+
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2 SET (slot_name = NONE);
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_test2;
+
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test SET (slot_name = NONE);
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_conflict_protection_test;
+
 RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
 DROP ROLE regress_subscription_user;
 DROP ROLE regress_subscription_user2;
diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
index 8cf40c87043..203959e5018 100644
--- a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
+++ b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list
@@ -515,6 +515,8 @@ ConditionalStack
 ConditionalStackData
 ConfigData
 ConfigVariable
+ConflictLogColumnDef
+ConflictLogDest
 ConflictTupleInfo
 ConflictType
 ConnCacheEntry
-- 
2.53.0



  [application/octet-stream] v35-0006-Review-comment-fixes-for-Implement-the-conflict-.patch (9.9K, 7-v35-0006-Review-comment-fixes-for-Implement-the-conflict-.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 3891223e662574347c461106bde2a1f1b18734ca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 18 May 2026 11:25:52 +0000
Subject: [PATCH v35 6/9] Review comment fixes for Implement the conflict
 insertion infrastructure for the conflict log table

Review comment fixes for Implement the conflict
insertion infrastructure for the conflict log table
---
 src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c | 59 ++++++++++------------
 src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c   |  2 +-
 src/test/subscription/t/030_origin.pl      |  4 +-
 src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl   |  4 +-
 4 files changed, 32 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
index ed2ebae76a4..9764f2a5aaa 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
@@ -73,6 +73,17 @@ const ConflictLogColumnDef ConflictLogSchema[] = {
 StaticAssertDecl(lengthof(ConflictLogSchema) == NUM_CONFLICT_ATTRS,
 				 "ConflictLogSchema length mismatch");
 
+/* Schema for the elements within the 'local_conflicts' JSON array */
+static const ConflictLogColumnDef LocalConflictSchema[] =
+{
+	{ .attname = "xid",       .atttypid = XIDOID },
+	{ .attname = "commit_ts", .atttypid = TIMESTAMPTZOID },
+	{ .attname = "origin",    .atttypid = TEXTOID },
+	{ .attname = "key",       .atttypid = JSONOID },
+	{ .attname = "tuple",     .atttypid = JSONOID }
+};
+
+#define NUM_LOCAL_CONFLICT_ATTRS lengthof(LocalConflictSchema)
 
 static const char *const ConflictTypeNames[] = {
 	[CT_INSERT_EXISTS] = "insert_exists",
@@ -85,17 +96,7 @@ static const char *const ConflictTypeNames[] = {
 	[CT_MULTIPLE_UNIQUE_CONFLICTS] = "multiple_unique_conflicts"
 };
 
-/* Schema for the elements within the 'local_conflicts' JSON array */
-static const ConflictLogColumnDef LocalConflictSchema[] =
-{
-	{ .attname = "xid",       .atttypid = XIDOID },
-	{ .attname = "commit_ts", .atttypid = TIMESTAMPTZOID },
-	{ .attname = "origin",    .atttypid = TEXTOID },
-	{ .attname = "key",       .atttypid = JSONOID },
-	{ .attname = "tuple",     .atttypid = JSONOID }
-};
 
-#define MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS lengthof(LocalConflictSchema)
 
 static int	errcode_apply_conflict(ConflictType type);
 static void errdetail_apply_conflict(EState *estate,
@@ -345,10 +346,8 @@ ReportApplyConflict(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo, int elevel,
 	 */
 	conflictlogrel = GetConflictLogDestAndTable(&dest);
 
-	if (dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_TABLE || dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL)
-		log_dest_clt = true;
-	if (dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG || dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_ALL)
-		log_dest_logfile = true;
+	log_dest_clt = CONFLICTS_LOGGED_TO_TABLE(dest);
+	log_dest_logfile = CONFLICTS_LOGGED_TO_FILE(dest);
 
 	/* Insert to table if requested. */
 	if (log_dest_clt)
@@ -380,9 +379,8 @@ ReportApplyConflict(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo, int elevel,
 			 */
 			ereport(elevel,
 					errcode_apply_conflict(type),
-					errmsg("conflict detected on relation \"%s.%s\": conflict=%s",
-						get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(localrel)),
-						RelationGetRelationName(localrel),
+					errmsg("conflict detected on relation \"%s\": conflict=%s",
+						RelationGetQualifiedRelationName(localrel),
 						ConflictTypeNames[type]),
 					errdetail("Conflict details are logged to the conflict log table: %s",
 							  RelationGetRelationName(conflictlogrel)));
@@ -411,9 +409,8 @@ ReportApplyConflict(EState *estate, ResultRelInfo *relinfo, int elevel,
 		/* Standard reporting with full internal details. */
 		ereport(elevel,
 				errcode_apply_conflict(type),
-				errmsg("conflict detected on relation \"%s.%s\": conflict=%s",
-					   get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(localrel)),
-					   RelationGetRelationName(localrel),
+				errmsg("conflict detected on relation \"%s\": conflict=%s",
+					   RelationGetQualifiedRelationName(localrel),
 					   ConflictTypeNames[type]),
 				errdetail_internal("%s", err_detail.data));
 	}
@@ -469,7 +466,7 @@ GetConflictLogDestAndTable(ConflictLogDest *log_dest)
 	*log_dest = GetLogDestination(MySubscription->conflictlogdest);
 
 	/* Quick exit if a conflict log table was not requested. */
-	if (*log_dest == CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG)
+	if (!CONFLICTS_LOGGED_TO_TABLE(*log_dest))
 		return NULL;
 
 	conflictlogrelid = MySubscription->conflictlogrelid;
@@ -489,13 +486,11 @@ GetConflictLogDestAndTable(ConflictLogDest *log_dest)
 void
 InsertConflictLogTuple(Relation conflictlogrel)
 {
-	int			options = HEAP_INSERT_NO_LOGICAL;
-
 	/* A valid tuple must be prepared and stored in MyLogicalRepWorker. */
 	Assert(MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple != NULL);
 
 	heap_insert(conflictlogrel, MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple,
-				GetCurrentCommandId(true), options, NULL);
+				GetCurrentCommandId(true), HEAP_INSERT_NO_LOGICAL, NULL);
 
 	/* Free conflict log tuple. */
 	heap_freetuple(MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple);
@@ -1077,9 +1072,9 @@ build_conflict_tupledesc(void)
 {
 	TupleDesc   tupdesc;
 
-	tupdesc = CreateTemplateTupleDesc(MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS);
+	tupdesc = CreateTemplateTupleDesc(NUM_LOCAL_CONFLICT_ATTRS);
 
-	for (int i = 0; i < MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS; i++)
+	for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LOCAL_CONFLICT_ATTRS; i++)
 		TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) (i + 1),
 						   LocalConflictSchema[i].attname,
 						   LocalConflictSchema[i].atttypid,
@@ -1120,8 +1115,8 @@ build_local_conflicts_json_array(EState *estate, Relation rel,
 	/* Process local conflict tuple list and prepare an array of JSON. */
 	foreach_ptr(ConflictTupleInfo, conflicttuple, conflicttuples)
 	{
-		Datum		values[MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS] = {0};
-		bool		nulls[MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS] = {0};
+		Datum		values[NUM_LOCAL_CONFLICT_ATTRS] = {0};
+		bool		nulls[NUM_LOCAL_CONFLICT_ATTRS] = {0};
 		char	   *origin_name = NULL;
 		HeapTuple	tuple;
 		Datum		json_datum;
@@ -1171,7 +1166,7 @@ build_local_conflicts_json_array(EState *estate, Relation rel,
 		else
 			nulls[attno] = true;
 
-		Assert(attno + 1 == MAX_LOCAL_CONFLICT_INFO_ATTRS);
+		Assert(attno + 1 == NUM_LOCAL_CONFLICT_ATTRS);
 
 		tuple = heap_form_tuple(tupdesc, values, nulls);
 
@@ -1230,8 +1225,8 @@ prepare_conflict_log_tuple(EState *estate, Relation rel,
 						   List *conflicttuples,
 						   TupleTableSlot *remoteslot)
 {
-	Datum		values[MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM] = {0};
-	bool		nulls[MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM] = {0};
+	Datum		values[NUM_CONFLICT_ATTRS] = {0};
+	bool		nulls[NUM_CONFLICT_ATTRS] = {0};
 	int			attno;
 	char	   *remote_origin = NULL;
 	MemoryContext	oldctx;
@@ -1297,7 +1292,7 @@ prepare_conflict_log_tuple(EState *estate, Relation rel,
 													 conflict_type,
 													 conflicttuples);
 
-	Assert(attno + 1 == MAX_CONFLICT_ATTR_NUM);
+	Assert(attno + 1 == NUM_CONFLICT_ATTRS);
 
 	oldctx = MemoryContextSwitchTo(ApplyContext);
 	MyLogicalRepWorker->conflict_log_tuple =
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
index 469451c736a..ba74222f921 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c
@@ -5688,7 +5688,7 @@ start_apply(XLogRecPtr origin_startpos)
 
 				/* Open conflict log table and insert the tuple. */
 				conflictlogrel = GetConflictLogDestAndTable(&dest);
-				Assert(dest != CONFLICT_LOG_DEST_LOG);
+				Assert(CONFLICTS_LOGGED_TO_TABLE(dest));
 				InsertConflictLogTuple(conflictlogrel);
 				table_close(conflictlogrel, RowExclusiveLock);
 
diff --git a/src/test/subscription/t/030_origin.pl b/src/test/subscription/t/030_origin.pl
index 6bc6b7874c2..5f4d00bdd33 100644
--- a/src/test/subscription/t/030_origin.pl
+++ b/src/test/subscription/t/030_origin.pl
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ is($result, qq(32), 'The node_A data replicated to node_B');
 $node_C->safe_psql('postgres', "UPDATE $tab SET a = 33 WHERE a = 32;");
 
 $node_B->wait_for_log(
-	qr/conflict detected on relation "public.$tab_unquoted": conflict=update_origin_differs.*\n.*DETAIL:.* Updating the row that was modified by a different origin ".*" in transaction [0-9]+ at .*: local row \(32\), remote row \(33\), replica identity \(a\)=\(32\)./
+	qr/conflict detected on relation "public.$tab": conflict=update_origin_differs.*\n.*DETAIL:.* Updating the row that was modified by a different origin ".*" in transaction [0-9]+ at .*: local row \(32\), remote row \(33\), replica identity \(a\)=\(32\)./
 );
 
 $node_B->safe_psql('postgres', "DELETE FROM $tab;");
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ is($result, qq(33), 'The node_A data replicated to node_B');
 $node_C->safe_psql('postgres', "DELETE FROM $tab WHERE a = 33;");
 
 $node_B->wait_for_log(
-	qr/conflict detected on relation "public.$tab_unquoted": conflict=delete_origin_differs.*\n.*DETAIL:.* Deleting the row that was modified by a different origin ".*" in transaction [0-9]+ at .*: local row \(33\), replica identity \(a\)=\(33\).*/
+	qr/conflict detected on relation "public.$tab": conflict=delete_origin_differs.*\n.*DETAIL:.* Deleting the row that was modified by a different origin ".*" in transaction [0-9]+ at .*: local row \(33\), replica identity \(a\)=\(33\).*/
 );
 
 # The remaining tests no longer test conflict detection.
diff --git a/src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl b/src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl
index 05c2179b9a8..4f3880e5b83 100644
--- a/src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl
+++ b/src/test/subscription/t/035_conflicts.pl
@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ $node_subscriber->wait_for_log(
 	$log_offset);
 
 # Verify the contents of the Conflict Log Table (CLT)
-# This section ensures that the clt contains the expected
+# This section ensures that the CLT contains the expected
 # type and specific key data.
 my $subid = $node_subscriber->safe_psql('postgres',
 	"SELECT oid FROM pg_subscription WHERE subname = 'sub_tab';");
-my $clt = "pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_$subid";
+my $clt = "pg_conflict.pg_conflict_log_for_subid_$subid";
 
 # Wait for the conflict to be logged in the CLT
 my $log_check = $node_subscriber->poll_query_until(
-- 
2.53.0



  [application/octet-stream] v35-0008-Review-comment-fixes-for-Documentation-patch.patch (2.2K, 8-v35-0008-Review-comment-fixes-for-Documentation-patch.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From a9919c53394ca17a5028b27f3dd4a3c316dfd4a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 18 May 2026 09:00:17 +0000
Subject: [PATCH v35 8/9] Review comment fixes for Documentation patch.

Review comment fixes for Documentation patch.
---
 doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml     | 4 ++--
 doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml | 6 +++---
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml
index 572e0d45383..301c588f777 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml
@@ -2138,8 +2138,8 @@ Included in publications:
    The <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-conflict-log-destination"><literal>conflict_log_destination</literal></link>
    parameter automatically creates a dedicated conflict log table.  This table is created in the dedicated
    <literal>pg_conflict</literal> namespace. The name of the conflict log table
-   is <literal>pg_conflict_log_&lt;subid&gt;</literal>. The predefined schema of this table is
-   detailed in
+   is <literal>pg_conflict_log_for_subid_&lt;subid&gt;</literal>. The
+   predefined schema of this table is detailed in
    <xref linkend="logical-replication-conflict-log-schema"/>.
   </para>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml
index 7fb11f31b21..bc9ca3a388a 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml
@@ -279,9 +279,9 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION <replaceable class="parameter">subscription_name</replaceabl
            <listitem>
             <para>
              <literal>table</literal>: The system automatically creates a structured table
-             named <literal>pg_conflict_log_&lt;subid&gt;</literal> in the
-             <literal>pg_conflict</literal> schema. This allows for easy querying and
-             analysis of conflicts.
+             named <literal>pg_conflict_log_for_subid_&lt;subid&gt;</literal>
+             in the <literal>pg_conflict</literal> schema. This allows for easy
+             querying and analysis of conflicts.
             </para>
             <caution>
              <para>
-- 
2.53.0



  [application/octet-stream] v35-0007-Documentation-patch.patch (10.9K, 9-v35-0007-Documentation-patch.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From 5d7bcf8909905a888eed3f47fed54d7644d2847d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Dilip Kumar <dilipkumar@Dilip.local>
Date: Sun, 5 Apr 2026 17:02:01 +0530
Subject: [PATCH v35 7/9] Documentation patch

---
 doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml     | 114 +++++++++++++++++++++-
 doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml  |  13 ++-
 doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml |  47 +++++++++
 3 files changed, 171 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml
index 9e7868487de..572e0d45383 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/logical-replication.sgml
@@ -293,6 +293,19 @@
    option of <command>CREATE SUBSCRIPTION</command> for details.
   </para>
 
+  <para>
+   Conflicts that occur during replication are, by default, logged as plain text
+   in the server log, which can make automated monitoring and analysis difficult.
+   The <command>CREATE SUBSCRIPTION</command> command provides the
+   <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-conflict-log-destination">
+   <literal>conflict_log_destination</literal></link> option to record detailed
+   conflict information in a structured, queryable format. When this parameter
+   is set to <literal>table</literal> or <literal>all</literal>, the system
+   automatically manages a dedicated conflict log table, which is created and
+   dropped along with the subscription. This significantly improves post-mortem
+   analysis and operational visibility of the replication setup.
+  </para>
+
   <sect2 id="logical-replication-subscription-slot">
    <title>Logical Replication Slot Management</title>
 
@@ -2122,7 +2135,99 @@ Included in publications:
   </para>
 
   <para>
-   The log format for logical replication conflicts is as follows:
+   The <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-conflict-log-destination"><literal>conflict_log_destination</literal></link>
+   parameter automatically creates a dedicated conflict log table.  This table is created in the dedicated
+   <literal>pg_conflict</literal> namespace. The name of the conflict log table
+   is <literal>pg_conflict_log_&lt;subid&gt;</literal>. The predefined schema of this table is
+   detailed in
+   <xref linkend="logical-replication-conflict-log-schema"/>.
+  </para>
+
+  <table id="logical-replication-conflict-log-schema">
+   <title>Conflict Log Table Schema</title>
+   <tgroup cols="3">
+    <thead>
+     <row>
+      <entry>Column</entry>
+      <entry>Type</entry>
+      <entry>Description</entry>
+     </row>
+    </thead>
+    <tbody>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>relid</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>oid</type></entry>
+      <entry>The OID of the local table where the conflict occurred.</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>schemaname</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>text</type></entry>
+      <entry>The schema name of the conflicting table.</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>relname</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>text</type></entry>
+      <entry>The name of the conflicting table.</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>conflict_type</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>text</type></entry>
+      <entry>The type of conflict that occurred (e.g., <literal>insert_exists</literal>).</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>remote_xid</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>xid</type></entry>
+      <entry>The remote transaction ID that caused the conflict.</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>remote_commit_lsn</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>pg_lsn</type></entry>
+      <entry>The final LSN of the remote transaction.</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>remote_commit_ts</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>timestamptz</type></entry>
+      <entry>The remote commit timestamp of the remote transaction.</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>remote_origin</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>text</type></entry>
+      <entry>The origin of the remote transaction.</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>replica_identity</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>json</type></entry>
+      <entry>The JSON representation of the replica identity.</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>remote_tuple</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>json</type></entry>
+      <entry>The JSON representation of the incoming remote row that caused the conflict.</entry>
+     </row>
+     <row>
+      <entry><literal>local_conflicts</literal></entry>
+      <entry><type>json[]</type></entry>
+      <entry>
+       An array of JSON objects representing the local state for each conflict attempt.
+       Each object includes the local transaction ID (<literal>xid</literal>), commit
+       timestamp (<literal>commit_ts</literal>), origin (<literal>origin</literal>),
+       conflicting key data (<literal>key</literal>), and the full local row
+       image (<literal>tuple</literal>).
+      </entry>
+     </row>
+    </tbody>
+   </tgroup>
+  </table>
+
+  <para>
+   The conflicting row data, including the incoming remote row (<literal>remote_tuple</literal>)
+   and the associated local conflict details (<literal>local_conflicts</literal>), is stored in
+   <type>JSON</type> formats, for flexible querying and analysis.
+  </para>
+
+  <para>
+   If <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-conflict-log-destination"><literal>conflict_log_destination</literal></link>
+   is set to log conflicts to the server log, the following format is used:
 <synopsis>
 LOG:  conflict detected on relation "<replaceable>schemaname</replaceable>.<replaceable>tablename</replaceable>": conflict=<replaceable>conflict_type</replaceable>
 DETAIL:  <replaceable class="parameter">detailed_explanation</replaceable>[: <replaceable class="parameter">detail_values</replaceable> [, ... ]].
@@ -2415,6 +2520,13 @@ CONTEXT:  processing remote data for replication origin "pg_16395" during "INSER
      key or replica identity defined for it.
     </para>
    </listitem>
+
+   <listitem>
+    <para>
+     Conflict log tables (see <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-conflict-log-destination"><literal>conflict_log_destination</literal></link> parameter)
+     are never published, even when using FOR ALL TABLES in a publication.
+    </para>
+   </listitem>
   </itemizedlist>
  </sect1>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml
index e4f0b6b16c7..07b7ede52ec 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_subscription.sgml
@@ -293,8 +293,9 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> RENAME TO <
       <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-failover"><literal>failover</literal></link>,
       <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-two-phase"><literal>two_phase</literal></link>,
       <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-retain-dead-tuples"><literal>retain_dead_tuples</literal></link>,
-      <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-max-retention-duration"><literal>max_retention_duration</literal></link>, and
-      <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-wal-receiver-timeout"><literal>wal_receiver_timeout</literal></link>.
+      <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-max-retention-duration"><literal>max_retention_duration</literal></link>,
+      <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-wal-receiver-timeout"><literal>wal_receiver_timeout</literal></link>, and
+      <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-conflict-log-destination"><literal>conflict_log_destination</literal></link>.
       Only a superuser can set <literal>password_required = false</literal>.
      </para>
 
@@ -352,6 +353,14 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION <replaceable class="parameter">name</replaceable> RENAME TO <
       <quote><literal>pg_conflict_detection</literal></quote>, created to retain
       dead tuples for conflict detection, will be dropped.
      </para>
+
+     <para>
+      When the <link linkend="sql-createsubscription-params-with-conflict-log-destination"><literal>conflict_log_destination</literal></link>
+      parameter is set to <literal>table</literal> or <literal>all</literal>, the system
+      automatically creates the internal conflict log table. Conversely, if the destination is changed to
+      <literal>log</literal>, logging to the table stops and the internal
+      table is automatically dropped.
+     </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml
index 07d5b1bd77c..7fb11f31b21 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/create_subscription.sgml
@@ -261,6 +261,53 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION <replaceable class="parameter">subscription_name</replaceabl
         </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
 
+       <varlistentry id="sql-createsubscription-params-with-conflict-log-destination">
+        <term><literal>conflict_log_destination</literal> (<type>enum</type>)</term>
+        <listitem>
+         <para>
+          Specifies the destination for recording logical replication conflicts.
+         </para>
+         <para>
+          The available destinations are:
+          <itemizedlist>
+           <listitem>
+            <para>
+             <literal>log</literal>: Conflict details are recorded in the server log.
+             This is the default behavior.
+            </para>
+           </listitem>
+           <listitem>
+            <para>
+             <literal>table</literal>: The system automatically creates a structured table
+             named <literal>pg_conflict_log_&lt;subid&gt;</literal> in the
+             <literal>pg_conflict</literal> schema. This allows for easy querying and
+             analysis of conflicts.
+            </para>
+            <caution>
+             <para>
+              The internal conflict log table is strictly tied to the lifecycle of the
+              subscription or the <literal>conflict_log_destination</literal> setting. If
+              the subscription is dropped, or if the destination is changed to
+              <literal>log</literal>, the table and all its recorded conflict data are
+              <emphasis>permanently deleted</emphasis>.
+             </para>
+             <para>
+              If post-mortem analysis may be needed, back up the conflict log table before
+              removing the subscription.
+             </para>
+            </caution>
+           </listitem>
+           <listitem>
+            <para>
+             <literal>all</literal>: Records conflict details to both destinations
+             <literal>log</literal> and <literal>table</literal>.
+            </para>
+           </listitem>
+          </itemizedlist>
+         </para>
+        </listitem>
+       </varlistentry>
+
        <varlistentry id="sql-createsubscription-params-with-copy-data">
         <term><literal>copy_data</literal> (<type>boolean</type>)</term>
         <listitem>
-- 
2.53.0



  [application/octet-stream] v35-0009-Add-conflict-log-table-information-to-describe-s.patch (77.6K, 10-v35-0009-Add-conflict-log-table-information-to-describe-s.patch)
  download | inline diff:
From c6e0fa7401929d475aa7370c5580e45eb2f60a33 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Vignesh C <vignesh21@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 18 May 2026 11:30:16 +0000
Subject: [PATCH v35 9/9] Add conflict log table information to describe
 subscription output

Display the associated conflict log table as a footer in \dRs+
output when conflict logging to table/all is enabled for a
subscription.

Previously, subscriptions were displayed using a single tabular
output format. Since the conflict log table information is specific
to each subscription and is better suited as auxiliary information,
change the output to display each subscription individually in a
row-wise table format and show the conflict log table as a footer
when applicable.

This approach was chosen based on suggestions at:
https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAA4eK1KdKqKkaTqcj3in6ehD_hg6oOaCF_-JsVfd8N6nS8oV9g%40mail.gmail.com
---
 src/bin/psql/command.c                     |   5 +-
 src/bin/psql/describe.c                    | 403 +++++++++++++++++----
 src/bin/psql/describe.h                    |   5 +-
 src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out | 176 ++++-----
 4 files changed, 421 insertions(+), 168 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/psql/command.c b/src/bin/psql/command.c
index 01b8f11aadd..777d0553246 100644
--- a/src/bin/psql/command.c
+++ b/src/bin/psql/command.c
@@ -1220,7 +1220,10 @@ exec_command_d(PsqlScanState scan_state, bool active_branch, const char *cmd)
 							success = listPublications(pattern);
 						break;
 					case 's':
-						success = describeSubscriptions(pattern, show_verbose);
+						if (show_verbose)
+							success = describeSubscriptions(pattern);
+						else
+							success = listSubscriptions(pattern);
 						break;
 					default:
 						status = PSQL_CMD_UNKNOWN;
diff --git a/src/bin/psql/describe.c b/src/bin/psql/describe.c
index e1449654f96..ab67793270b 100644
--- a/src/bin/psql/describe.c
+++ b/src/bin/psql/describe.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "catalog/pg_collation_d.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_constraint_d.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_default_acl_d.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_namespace_d.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_proc_d.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_propgraph_element_d.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_publication_d.h"
@@ -7081,19 +7082,17 @@ error_return:
 
 /*
  * \dRs
- * Describes subscriptions.
+ * Lists subscriptions.
  *
  * Takes an optional regexp to select particular subscriptions
  */
 bool
-describeSubscriptions(const char *pattern, bool verbose)
+listSubscriptions(const char *pattern)
 {
 	PQExpBufferData buf;
 	PGresult   *res;
 	printQueryOpt myopt = pset.popt;
-	static const bool translate_columns[] = {false, false, false, false,
-		false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false,
-	false, false, false, false, false, false, false};
+	static const bool translate_columns[] = {false, false, false, false};
 
 	if (pset.sversion < 100000)
 	{
@@ -7108,99 +7107,211 @@ describeSubscriptions(const char *pattern, bool verbose)
 	initPQExpBuffer(&buf);
 
 	printfPQExpBuffer(&buf, "/* %s */\n", _("Get matching subscriptions"));
+
+	/* Only display subscriptions in current database. */
 	appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
 					  "SELECT subname AS \"%s\"\n"
 					  ",  pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(subowner) AS \"%s\"\n"
 					  ",  subenabled AS \"%s\"\n"
-					  ",  subpublications AS \"%s\"\n",
+					  ",  subpublications AS \"%s\"\n"
+					  "FROM pg_catalog.pg_subscription\n"
+					  "WHERE subdbid = (SELECT oid\n"
+					  "                 FROM pg_catalog.pg_database\n"
+					  "                 WHERE datname = pg_catalog.current_database())",
 					  gettext_noop("Name"),
 					  gettext_noop("Owner"),
 					  gettext_noop("Enabled"),
 					  gettext_noop("Publication"));
 
-	if (verbose)
+	if (!validateSQLNamePattern(&buf, pattern, true, false,
+								NULL, "subname", NULL,
+								NULL,
+								NULL, 1))
 	{
-		/* Binary mode and streaming are only supported in v14 and higher */
-		if (pset.sversion >= 140000)
-		{
-			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", subbinary AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Binary"));
+		termPQExpBuffer(&buf);
+		return false;
+	}
 
-			if (pset.sversion >= 160000)
-				appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-								  ", (CASE substream\n"
-								  "    WHEN " CppAsString2(LOGICALREP_STREAM_OFF) " THEN 'off'\n"
-								  "    WHEN " CppAsString2(LOGICALREP_STREAM_ON) " THEN 'on'\n"
-								  "    WHEN " CppAsString2(LOGICALREP_STREAM_PARALLEL) " THEN 'parallel'\n"
-								  "   END) AS \"%s\"\n",
-								  gettext_noop("Streaming"));
-			else
-				appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-								  ", substream AS \"%s\"\n",
-								  gettext_noop("Streaming"));
-		}
+	appendPQExpBufferStr(&buf, "ORDER BY 1;");
 
-		/* Two_phase and disable_on_error are only supported in v15 and higher */
-		if (pset.sversion >= 150000)
-			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", subtwophasestate AS \"%s\"\n"
-							  ", subdisableonerr AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Two-phase commit"),
-							  gettext_noop("Disable on error"));
+	res = PSQLexec(buf.data);
+	termPQExpBuffer(&buf);
+	if (!res)
+		return false;
 
-		if (pset.sversion >= 160000)
-			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", suborigin AS \"%s\"\n"
-							  ", subpasswordrequired AS \"%s\"\n"
-							  ", subrunasowner AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Origin"),
-							  gettext_noop("Password required"),
-							  gettext_noop("Run as owner?"));
+	myopt.title = _("List of subscriptions");
+	myopt.translate_header = true;
+	myopt.translate_columns = translate_columns;
+	myopt.n_translate_columns = lengthof(translate_columns);
 
-		if (pset.sversion >= 170000)
+	printQuery(res, &myopt, pset.queryFout, false, pset.logfile);
+
+	PQclear(res);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * \dRs+
+ * Describes subscriptions.
+ *
+ * Takes an optional regexp to select particular subscriptions
+ */
+bool
+describeSubscriptions(const char *pattern)
+{
+	PQExpBufferData buf;
+	int			i;
+	PGresult   *res;
+	int			ncols;
+	int			nrows = 1;
+
+	PQExpBufferData title;
+	printTableContent cont;
+
+	if (pset.sversion < 100000)
+	{
+		char		sverbuf[32];
+
+		pg_log_error("The server (version %s) does not support subscriptions.",
+					 formatPGVersionNumber(pset.sversion, false,
+										   sverbuf, sizeof(sverbuf)));
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	initPQExpBuffer(&buf);
+
+	printfPQExpBuffer(&buf, "/* %s */\n", _("Get matching subscriptions"));
+	appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+					  "SELECT oid, subname AS \"%s\"\n"
+					  ",  (SELECT nspname FROM pg_namespace WHERE oid = " CppAsString2(PG_CONFLICT_NAMESPACE) ")  AS  \"%s\"\n"
+					  ",  pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(subowner) AS \"%s\"\n"
+					  ",  subenabled AS \"%s\"\n"
+					  ",  subpublications AS \"%s\"\n",
+					  gettext_noop("Name"),
+					  gettext_noop("Conflict_schema"),
+					  gettext_noop("Owner"),
+					  gettext_noop("Enabled"),
+					  gettext_noop("Publication"));
+
+	/*
+	 * oid, subname and conflict_schema columns are internal and not displayed,
+	 * so only 3 visible columns.
+	 */
+	ncols = 3;
+
+	/* Binary mode and streaming are only supported in v14 and higher */
+	if (pset.sversion >= 140000)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ", subbinary AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Binary"));
+		ncols++;
+
+		if (pset.sversion >= 160000)
 			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", subfailover AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Failover"));
-		if (pset.sversion >= 190000)
-		{
+							  ", (CASE substream\n"
+							  "    WHEN " CppAsString2(LOGICALREP_STREAM_OFF) " THEN 'off'\n"
+							  "    WHEN " CppAsString2(LOGICALREP_STREAM_ON) " THEN 'on'\n"
+							  "    WHEN " CppAsString2(LOGICALREP_STREAM_PARALLEL) " THEN 'parallel'\n"
+							  "   END) AS \"%s\"\n",
+							  gettext_noop("Streaming"));
+		else
 			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", (select srvname from pg_foreign_server where oid=subserver) AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Server"));
+							  ", substream AS \"%s\"\n",
+							  gettext_noop("Streaming"));
 
-			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", subretaindeadtuples AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Retain dead tuples"));
+		ncols++;
+	}
 
-			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", submaxretention AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Max retention duration"));
+	/* Two_phase and disable_on_error are only supported in v15 and higher */
+	if (pset.sversion >= 150000)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ", subtwophasestate AS \"%s\"\n"
+						  ", subdisableonerr AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Two-phase commit"),
+						  gettext_noop("Disable on error"));
+		ncols += 2;
+	}
 
-			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", subretentionactive AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Retention active"));
-		}
+	if (pset.sversion >= 160000)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ", suborigin AS \"%s\"\n"
+						  ", subpasswordrequired AS \"%s\"\n"
+						  ", subrunasowner AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Origin"),
+						  gettext_noop("Password required"),
+						  gettext_noop("Run as owner?"));
+		ncols += 3;
+	}
 
+	if (pset.sversion >= 170000)
+	{
 		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-						  ",  subsynccommit AS \"%s\"\n"
-						  ",  subconninfo AS \"%s\"\n",
-						  gettext_noop("Synchronous commit"),
-						  gettext_noop("Conninfo"));
+						  ", subfailover AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Failover"));
+		ncols++;
+	}
 
-		if (pset.sversion >= 190000)
-			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", subwalrcvtimeout AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Receiver timeout"));
+	if (pset.sversion >= 190000)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ", (select srvname from pg_foreign_server where oid=subserver) AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Server"));
 
-		/* Skip LSN is only supported in v15 and higher */
-		if (pset.sversion >= 150000)
-			appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  ", subskiplsn AS \"%s\"\n",
-							  gettext_noop("Skip LSN"));
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ", subretaindeadtuples AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Retain dead tuples"));
 
 		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-						  ",  pg_catalog.obj_description(oid, 'pg_subscription') AS \"%s\"\n",
-						  gettext_noop("Description"));
+						  ", submaxretention AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Max retention duration"));
+
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ", subretentionactive AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Retention active"));
+
+		ncols += 4;
+	}
+
+	appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+					  ",  subsynccommit AS \"%s\"\n"
+					  ",  subconninfo AS \"%s\"\n",
+					  gettext_noop("Synchronous commit"),
+					  gettext_noop("Conninfo"));
+	ncols += 2;
+
+	if (pset.sversion >= 190000)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ", subwalrcvtimeout AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Receiver timeout"));
+		ncols++;
+	}
+
+	/* Skip LSN is only supported in v15 and higher */
+	if (pset.sversion >= 150000)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ", subskiplsn AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Skip LSN"));
+		ncols++;
+	}
+
+	appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+					  ",  pg_catalog.obj_description(oid, 'pg_subscription') AS \"%s\"\n",
+					  gettext_noop("Description"));
+	ncols++;
+
+	/* Conflict log destination is supported in v19 and higher */
+	if (pset.sversion >= 190000)
+	{
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ", subconflictlogdest AS \"%s\"\n",
+						  gettext_noop("Conflict log destination"));
+		ncols++;
 	}
 
 	/* Only display subscriptions in current database. */
@@ -7226,13 +7337,149 @@ describeSubscriptions(const char *pattern, bool verbose)
 	if (!res)
 		return false;
 
-	myopt.title = _("List of subscriptions");
-	myopt.translate_header = true;
-	myopt.translate_columns = translate_columns;
-	myopt.n_translate_columns = lengthof(translate_columns);
+	if (PQntuples(res) == 0)
+	{
+		if (!pset.quiet)
+		{
+			if (pattern)
+				pg_log_error("Did not find any subscription named \"%s\".",
+							 pattern);
+			else
+				pg_log_error("Did not find any subscriptions.");
+		}
 
-	printQuery(res, &myopt, pset.queryFout, false, pset.logfile);
+		termPQExpBuffer(&buf);
+		PQclear(res);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < PQntuples(res); i++)
+	{
+		const char	align = 'l';
+		char	   *subid = PQgetvalue(res, i, 0);
+		char	   *subname = PQgetvalue(res, i, 1);
+		char	   *conflict_schema = PQgetvalue(res, i, 2);
+		int			current_col = 3;
+		printTableOpt myopt = pset.popt.topt;
+
+		initPQExpBuffer(&title);
+		printfPQExpBuffer(&title, _("Subscription %s"), subname);
+		printTableInit(&cont, &myopt, title.data, ncols, nrows);
+
+		printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Owner"), true, align);
+		printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Enabled"), true, align);
+		printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Publication"), true, align);
+
+		printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+		printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+		printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+		if (pset.sversion >= 140000)
+		{
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Binary"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Streaming"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+		}
+
+		if (pset.sversion >= 150000)
+		{
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Two-phase commit"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Disable on error"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+		}
+
+		if (pset.sversion >= 160000)
+		{
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Origin"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Password required"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Run as owner?"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+		}
 
+		if (pset.sversion >= 170000)
+		{
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Failover"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+		}
+
+		if (pset.sversion >= 190000)
+		{
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Server"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Retain dead tuples"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Max retention duration"),
+								true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Retention active"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+		}
+
+		printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Synchronous commit"), true, align);
+		printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+		printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Conninfo"), true, align);
+		printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+		if (pset.sversion >= 190000)
+		{
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Receiver timeout"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+		}
+
+		if (pset.sversion >= 150000)
+		{
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Skip LSN"), true, align);
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+		}
+
+		printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Description"), true, align);
+		printTableAddCell(&cont, PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++), false, false);
+
+		if (pset.sversion >= 190000)
+		{
+			char	   *logdest;
+
+			printTableAddHeader(&cont, gettext_noop("Conflict log destination"),
+								true, align);
+
+			logdest = PQgetvalue(res, i, current_col++);
+
+			printTableAddCell(&cont, logdest, false, false);
+
+			if (strcmp(logdest, "table") == 0 ||
+				strcmp(logdest, "all") == 0)
+			{
+				char		conflictlogtable[NAMEDATALEN + 32];
+
+				snprintf(conflictlogtable,
+						 sizeof(conflictlogtable),
+						 "%s.pg_conflict_log_for_subid_%s",
+						 conflict_schema, subid);
+
+				printTableAddFooter(&cont, _("Conflict log table:"));
+				printTableAddFooter(&cont, psprintf("    %s", conflictlogtable));
+			}
+		}
+
+		printTable(&cont, pset.queryFout, false, pset.logfile);
+		printTableCleanup(&cont);
+
+		termPQExpBuffer(&title);
+	}
+
+	termPQExpBuffer(&buf);
 	PQclear(res);
 	return true;
 }
diff --git a/src/bin/psql/describe.h b/src/bin/psql/describe.h
index 47fae5ceafb..15c6c685323 100644
--- a/src/bin/psql/describe.h
+++ b/src/bin/psql/describe.h
@@ -126,7 +126,10 @@ bool		listPublications(const char *pattern);
 bool		describePublications(const char *pattern);
 
 /* \dRs */
-bool		describeSubscriptions(const char *pattern, bool verbose);
+bool		listSubscriptions(const char *pattern);
+
+/* \dRs+ */
+bool		describeSubscriptions(const char *pattern);
 
 /* \dAc */
 extern bool listOperatorClasses(const char *access_method_pattern,
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out b/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
index 6eadfa59253..e892e674b98 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/subscription.out
@@ -124,18 +124,18 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub4 CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PU
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+ regress_testsub4
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
-------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | none   | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                       Subscription regress_testsub4
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | none   | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub4 SET (origin = any);
 \dRs+ regress_testsub4
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-       Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
-------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub4 | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                       Subscription regress_testsub4
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub3;
@@ -200,10 +200,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'foobar';
 ERROR:  invalid connection string syntax: missing "=" after "foobar" in connection info string
 
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                          List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                           Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET PUBLICATION testpub2, testpub3 WITH (refresh = false);
@@ -212,10 +212,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = 'newname');
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (password_required = false);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (run_as_owner = true);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                              List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | f                 | t             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                               Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | f                 | t             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (password_required = true);
@@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ ERROR:  unrecognized subscription parameter: "create_slot"
 -- ok
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SKIP (lsn = '0/12345');
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                              List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00012345 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                               Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00012345 | test subscription | log
 (1 row)
 
 -- ok - with lsn = NONE
@@ -243,10 +243,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SKIP (lsn = NONE);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SKIP (lsn = '0/0');
 ERROR:  invalid WAL location (LSN): 0/0
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                              List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                               Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | -1               | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log
 (1 row)
 
 BEGIN;
@@ -282,10 +282,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub_foo SET (wal_receiver_timeout = '80s');
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub_foo SET (wal_receiver_timeout = 'foobar');
 ERROR:  invalid value for parameter "wal_receiver_timeout": "foobar"
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                                List of subscriptions
-        Name         |           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    
----------------------+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------
- regress_testsub_foo | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | local              | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | 80s              | 0/00000000 | test subscription
+                                                                                                                                                                             Subscription regress_testsub_foo
+           Owner           | Enabled |     Publication     | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |           Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  |    Description    | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+---------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub2,testpub3} | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | local              | dbname=regress_doesnotexist2 | 80s              | 0/00000000 | test subscription | log
 (1 row)
 
 -- rename back to keep the rest simple
@@ -314,19 +314,19 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | t      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | t      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (binary = false);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub;
@@ -338,27 +338,27 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (streaming = parallel);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (streaming = false);
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 -- fail - publication already exists
@@ -373,10 +373,10 @@ ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub ADD PUBLICATION testpub1, testpub2 WITH (refr
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub ADD PUBLICATION testpub1, testpub2 WITH (refresh = false);
 ERROR:  publication "testpub1" is already in subscription "regress_testsub"
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                               List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled |         Publication         | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-----------------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub,testpub1,testpub2} | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                                Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled |         Publication         | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-----------------------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub,testpub1,testpub2} | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 -- fail - publication used more than once
@@ -391,10 +391,10 @@ ERROR:  publication "testpub3" is not in subscription "regress_testsub"
 -- ok - delete publications
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub DROP PUBLICATION testpub1, testpub2 WITH (refresh = false);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | off       | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 DROP SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub;
@@ -430,19 +430,19 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 -- we can alter streaming when two_phase enabled
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (streaming = true);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -452,10 +452,10 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | on        | p                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -468,18 +468,18 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (disable_on_error = true);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | t                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | t                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -492,10 +492,10 @@ CREATE SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub CONNECTION 'dbname=regress_doesnotexist' PUB
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
@@ -509,19 +509,19 @@ NOTICE:  max_retention_duration is ineffective when retain_dead_tuples is disabl
 WARNING:  subscription was created, but is not connected
 HINT:  To initiate replication, you must manually create the replication slot, enable the subscription, and alter the subscription to refresh publications.
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                   1000 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 1000                   | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 -- ok
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (max_retention_duration = 0);
 \dRs+
-                                                                                                                                                                       List of subscriptions
-      Name       |           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description 
------------------+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------
- regress_testsub | regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  |                      0 | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 | 
+                                                                                                                                                                        Subscription regress_testsub
+           Owner           | Enabled | Publication | Binary | Streaming | Two-phase commit | Disable on error | Origin | Password required | Run as owner? | Failover | Server | Retain dead tuples | Max retention duration | Retention active | Synchronous commit |          Conninfo           | Receiver timeout |  Skip LSN  | Description | Conflict log destination 
+---------------------------+---------+-------------+--------+-----------+------------------+------------------+--------+-------------------+---------------+----------+--------+--------------------+------------------------+------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+------------------+------------+-------------+--------------------------
+ regress_subscription_user | f       | {testpub}   | f      | parallel  | d                | f                | any    | t                 | f             | f        |        | f                  | 0                      | f                | off                | dbname=regress_doesnotexist | -1               | 0/00000000 |             | log
 (1 row)
 
 ALTER SUBSCRIPTION regress_testsub SET (slot_name = NONE);
-- 
2.53.0



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  To: pgsql-hackers@postgresql.org
  Cc: vignesh21@gmail.com, smithpb2250@gmail.com, dilipbalaut@gmail.com, nisha.moond412@gmail.com, amit.kapila16@gmail.com, shveta.malik@gmail.com, sawada.mshk@gmail.com, bharath.rupireddyforpostgres@gmail.com, pgsql-hackers@lists.postgresql.org, shvetamalik@gmail.com
  Subject: Re: Proposal: Conflict log history table for Logical Replication
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